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| Alemania Europa Alemania es un país que encontramos en el corazón de Europa, es un país de más de 80 millones de habitantes y que cuenta con numerosos atractivos entre los que destacan sus monumentos, sus celebraciones, sus lagos y su naturaleza, sus deportes al aire libre y sus principales ciudades como Colonia, Munich, Berlín, Hamburgo o Bremen. Alemania es un país diverso, megacultural, es un país en el que encontramos numerosos paisajes, numerosas conmemoraciones entre las que destaca la fiesta del Oktoberfest o fiesta de la cerveza, una gastronomía impresionante así como numerosas posibilidades de disfrutar en este país europeo. |
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| Sus monumentos y su naturaleza conforman
la principal base de su turismo, así como los deportes invernales. En lo
referido a playas, en el norte Alemania cuenta con numerosas playas, si bien
su clima dista mucho de ser el clima del sur de Europa, motivo por el cual
es un país que ofrece más cultura, naturaleza y deporte y ocio en su oferta
turística. Son muchas, además, las posibilidades de encontrar alojamiento en Alemania, ya sea en un hotel, en un apartamento o en una casa rural rodeado de naturaleza. 1 - 7 de 7 Conducir en Alemania Conducir en Alemania (112 (Policía, Bomberos y Ambulancia)) En Alemania se conduce por el lado derecho. El permiso de conducir de su país es suficiente para conducir en Alemania, si está de vacaciones. También... [Ver más] Cajeros y dinero en Alemania Cajeros y dinero en Alemania La moneda oficial de Alemania es el euro. Se aceptan los cheques de viaje. Se recomienda que los cheques se libren en euros, libras o dólares... [Ver más] Electricidad en Alemania Electricidad en Alemania La corriente eléctrica de Alemania es de 230 voltios CA, 50 Hz. Los enchufes son estándar, de dos clavijas redondas. [Ver más] Horario de tiendas en Alemania Horario de tiendas en Alemania En Alemania, el horario de las tiendas permiten que se abra hasta las 8:00 pm de lunes a sábado. Sin embargo, en la práctica, sino que... [Ver más] Viajar con animales a Alemania Viajar con animales a Alemania Para viajar con animales de compañía a Alemania, siendo ciudadano de la UE, es neceario que le acompañe el pasaporte europeo de mascotas, con su... [Ver más] German National Tourist Board German National Tourist Board (+49 (0) 69 75 19 03) Centro de información del país teutón en Frankfurt. [Ver más] Asistencia Sanitaria en Alemania Asistencia Sanitaria en Alemania Para recibir asistencia sanitaria en Alemania, si es miembro de la UE, es necesario que lleve consigo la Tarjeta Sanitaria Europea (TSE), que se puede... [Ver más] |
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| Germany Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see i_3 Richard Ong From the high Alps in the South, the Bavarian plain, and the flowing hills of central Germany to the coast of the North and Baltic Sea: it all looks like a miniature train landscape packed with the nicest of old towns, medieval houses, gothic churches. Thanks to the different regional princedoms, earldoms, monarchies and states Germany did not unite until the last centuries. Thus Germany has not one but many major cities. And each city has its own unique character, formed by its history and the surrounding region. Each is a whole new world unto itself in which you will experience not only different architectural styles and art treasures but also a very distinctive lifestyle. Local traditions and mentalities are clearly reflected everywhere - in the arts, the nightlife, the shops, the pubs and restaurants and the way people work and live. |
| To start in the north, spend some days in Hamburg, Bremen or Lübeck, those
old "Hanse" cities, whose prosperity arose from the independent shipping
trade. Berlin, the capital, is of course one of the top travel destinations
in Germany - no matter if you are going there for business, cultural or
political reasons, or just to enjoy yourself: Berlin has everything! Right in the centre Hannover is worth a visit. In the eastern part of Germany, you can find real jewels: Leipzig, Weimar, Schwerin and even Dresden , although it was bombed horribly, saved lots of their prewar architectural heritage, and the latter has just restored the famous Frauenkirche. Continue going southwards, maybe with passing Nuremberg, you will sooner or later arrive in Munich, the capital city of beer, but also of art, with the famous Pinakothek. It is a good starting point to find the treasures of Bavaria. Germany's cities have endless pleasant surprises in store for those who enjoy good food and drink. In addition to top-quality international cooking each region has its own local specialities, ranging from hearty country fare at simple inns to modern light cuisine at star-rated restaurants. Accompanied by our world-famous beers and wines, all this plenty is guaranteed to make your tour of Germany's cities an unforgettable culinary experience. Discover the beautiful Southwest of Germany with cities like Freiburg, Heidelberg and Tübingen. In the western part cities still have some french influence, discover Bonn, Düsseldorf, Cologne- the heart of the Rhineland, Trier, the oldest city of Germany and a former capital of the Roman Empire or Aachen with its impressive cathedral and history back to Charlemagne. Today, Germany is also an industrial powerhouse. In the Ruhrgebiet ( Essen, Oberhausen, Duisburg and surroundings) there is heavy industry, different car brands like Porsche, Mercedes (near Stuttgart ), BMW and VW make Germany one of the world's biggest car producers and Frankfurt is the country's bank and finance centre, called also "Mainhattan" ("Main" is a river in Frankfurt). All this makes the standard of living one of the highest in the world. To make the different cities and sights more accessible to you, we have divided Germany into regions. Click on the regions to find more info about them and the cities that are in them. After years of separation between West Germany and the DDR, the country is now growing together back again, a longer and perhaps more painful process than many expected. At the same time has Germany become a more normal country. If you look at the history of Germany this century, being normal is not a bad thing. __________Sights Edit This LOOP LAND [Add Sight] TOM Edit This SIGHT STREET type: Streets World66 rating: [rate it] _______History Edit This The rise of Prussian power in the 19th century supported by growing German nationalism eventually ended inter-state fighting and resulted in the formation of the German empire in 1871 under the chancellorship of Otto von Bismarck. Fascism's rise and defeat The postwar Weimar Republic (1919-33) was an attempt to establish a peaceful liberal democratic regime in Germany. This government was severely handicapped and eventually doomed by economic problems and the inherent weakness of the Weimar state. The inflation of the early 1920s the world depression of the 1930s and the social unrest stemming from the draconian conditions of the Versailles Treaty worked to destroy the Weimar government from inside and out. The National Socialist (Nazi) Party led by Adolf Hitler stressed nationalist themes and promised to put the unemployed back to work. The party blamed many of Germany's ills on alleged Jewish conspiracies. Nazi support expanded rapidly in the early 1930s. Hitler was asked to form a government as Reich Chancellor in January 1933. After President Paul von Hindenburg died in 1934 Hitler assumed that office as well. Once in power Hitler and his party first undermined then abolished democratic institutions and opposition parties. The Nazi leadership attempted to remove or subjugate the Jewish population in Germany and later on in the occupied countries forced emigration and ultimately genocide. Hitler restored Germany's economic and military strength but his ambitions led Germany into World War II. For Germany World War II resulted in the destruction of its political and economic infrastructures led to its division and left a humiliating legacy. After Germany's unconditional surrender on May 8 1945 the United States the United Kingdom and the U.S.S.R. occupied the country and assumed responsibility for its administration. The commanders-in-chief exercised supreme authority in their respective zones and acted in concert on questions affecting the whole country. France was later given a separate zone of occupation. Although the United States the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union agreed at Potsdam in August 1945 to a broad program of decentralization treating Germany as a single economic unit with some central administrative departments these plans failed. The turning point came in 1948 when the Soviets withdrew from the Four Power governing bodies and blockaded Berlin. Until May 1949 West Berlin was kept supplied only by an Allied airlift. Political Developments In West Germany The United States and the United Kingdom moved to establish a nucleus for a future German government by creating a central Economic Council for their two zones. The program later provided for a West German constituent assembly an occupation statute governing relations between the Allies and the German authorities and the political and economic merger of the French with the British and American zones. On May 23 1949 the Basic Law -- the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany -- was promulgated. The first federal government was formed by Konrad Adenauer on September 20 1949. The next day the occupation statute came into force granting powers of self- government with certain exceptions. The F.R.G. quickly progressed toward fuller sovereignty and association with its European neighbors and the Atlantic community. The London and Paris agreements of 1954 restored full sovereignty (with some exceptions) to the F.R.G. in May 1955 and opened the way for German membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Western European Union (WEU). The three Western Allies retained occupation powers in Berlin and certain responsibilities for Germany as a whole. Under the new arrangements the Allies stationed troops within the F.R.G. for NATO defense pursuant to stationing and status-of-forces agreements. With the exception of 45 000 French troops Allied forces were under NATO's joint defense command. (France withdrew from the collective military command structure of NATO in1966.) Political life in the F.R.G. was remarkably stable and orderly. The Adenauer era (1949-63) was followed by a brief period under Ludwig Erhard (1963-66) who in turn was replaced by Kurt Georg Kiesinger (1966-69). All governments between 1949 and 1966 were formed by the united caucus of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and Christian Social Union (CSU) either alone or in coalition with the smaller Free Democratic Party (FDP). Kiesinger's 1966-69 "Grand Coalition" included the F.R.G.'s two largest parties CDU/CSU and the Social Democratic Party (SPD). In the 1969 election the SPD--headed by Willy Brandt--gained enough votes to form a coalition government with the FDP. Chancellor Brandt remained head of government until May 1974 when he resigned after a senior member of his staff was uncovered as a spy for the East German intelligence service. Finance Minister Helmut Schmidt (SPD) formed a government and received the unanimous support of coalition members. He served as Chancellor from 1974 to 1982. Hans-Dietrich Genscher a leading FDP official became Vice Chancellor and Foreign Minister. Schmidt a strong supporter of the European Community (EC) and the Atlantic alliance emphasized his commitment to "the political unification of Europe in partnership with the U.S.A." In October 1982 the SPD-FDP coalition fell apart when the FDP joined forces with the CDU/CSU to elect CDU Chairman Helmut Kohl as Chancellor. Following national elections in March 1983 Kohl emerged in firm control of both the government and the CDU. The CDU/CSU fell just short of an absolute majority due to the entry into the Bundestag of the Greens who received 5.6% of the vote. In January 1987 the Kohl-Genscher government was returned to office but the FDP and the Greens gained at the expense of the larger parties. Kohl's CDU and its Bavarian sister party the CSU slipped from 48.8% of the vote in 1983 to 44.3%. The SPD fell to 37%; long-time SPD Chairman Brandt subsequently resigned in April 1987 and was succeeded by Hans-Jochen Vogel. The FDP's share rose from 7% to 9.1% its best showing since 1980. The Greens' share rose to 8.3% from their 1983 share of 5.6%. Political Developments In East Germany In the Soviet zone the Social Democratic Party was forced to merge with the Communist Party in 1946 to form a new party the Socialist Unity Party (SED). The October 1946 elections resulted in coalition governments in the five Land (state) parliaments with the SED as the undisputed leader. A series of people's congresses were called in 1948 and early 1949 by the SED. Under Soviet direction a constitution was drafted on May 30 1949 and adopted on October 7 which was celebrated as the day when the German Democratic Republic was proclaimed. The People's Chamber (Volkskammer)--the lower house of the G.D.R. parliament--and an upper house--the States Chamber (Laenderkammer)--were created. (The Laenderkammer was abolished in 1958.) On October 11 1949 the two houses elected Wilhelm Pieck as President and a SED government was set up. The Soviet Union and its East European allies immediately recognized the G.D.R. although it remained largely unrecognized by non-communist countries until 1972-73. The G.D.R. established the structures of a single-party centralized communist state. On July 23 1952 the traditional Laender were abolished and in their place 14 Bezirke (districts) were established. Effectively all government control was in the hands of the SED and almost all important government positions were held by SED members. The National Front was an umbrella organization nominally consisting of the SED four other political parties controlled and directed by the SED and the four principal mass organizations (youth trade unions women and culture). However control was clearly and solely in the hands of the SED. Balloting in G.D.R. elections was not secret. As in other Soviet bloc countries electoral participation was consistently high with nearly unanimous candidate approval. Inter-German Relations The constant stream of East Germans fleeing to West Germany placed great strains on F.R.G.-G.D.R. relations in the 1950s. On August 13 1961 the G.D.R. began building a wall through the center of Berlin to divide the city and slow the flood of refugees to a trickle. The Berlin Wall became the symbol of the East's political debility and the division of Europe. In 1969 Chancellor Brandt announced that the F.R.G. would remain firmly rooted in the Atlantic alliance but would intensify efforts to improve relations with Eastern Europe and the G.D.R. The F.R.G. commenced this "Ostpolitik" by negotiating non-aggression treaties with the Soviet Union Poland Czechoslovakia Bulgaria and Hungary. The F.R.G.'s relations with the G.D.R. posed particularly difficult questions. Though anxious to relieve serious hardships for divided families and to reduce friction the F.R.G. under Brandt was intent on holding to its concept of "two German states in one German nation." Relations improved however and in September 1973 the F.R.G. and the G.D.R. were admitted to the UN. The two Germanys exchanged permanent representatives in 1974 and in 1987 G.D.R. head of state Erich Honecker paid an official visit to the F.R.G. German Unification During the summer of 1989 rapid changes took place in the G.D.R. which ultimately led to German unification. Growing numbers of East Germans emigrated to the F.R.G. via Hungary after the Hungarians decided not to use force to stop them. Thousands of East Germans also tried to reach the West by staging sit-ins at F.R.G. diplomatic facilities in other East European capitals. The exodus generated demands within the G.D.R. for political change and mass demonstrations in several cities--particularly in Leipzig--continued to grow. On October 7 Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev visited Berlin to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the G.D.R. and urged the East German leadership to pursue reform. On October 18 Erich Honecker resigned as head of the SED and as head of state and was replaced by Egon Krenz. But the exodus continued unabated and pressure for political reform mounted. On November 4 a demonstration in East Berlin drew as many as 1 million East Germans. Finally on November 9 the Berlin Wall was opened and East Germans were allowed to travel freely. Thousands poured through the wall into the western sectors of Berlin and on November 12 the G.D.R. began dismantling it. On November 28 F.R.G. Chancellor Kohl outlined a 10-point plan for the peaceful unification of the two Germanys based on free elections in the G.D.R. and a unification of their two economies. In December the G.D.R. Volkskammer eliminated the SED monopoly on power and the entire Politburo and Central Committee--including Krenz--resigned. The SED changed its name to the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) and the formation and growth of numerous political groups and parties marked the end of the communist system. Prime Minister Hans Modrow headed a caretaker government which shared power with the new democratically oriented parties. On December 7 1989 agreement was reached to hold free elections in May 1990 and rewrite the G.D.R. constitution. On January 28 all the parties agreed to advance the elections to March 18 primarily because of an erosion of state authority and because the East German exodus was continuing apace; more than 117 000 left in January and February 1990. In early February 1990 the Modrow government's proposal for a unified neutral German state was rejected by Chancellor Kohl who affirmed that a unified Germany must be a member of NATO. Finally on March 18 the first free elections were held in the G.D.R. and a government led by Lothar de Maiziere (CDU) was formed under a policy of expeditious unification with the F.R.G. The freely elected representatives of the Volkskammer held their first session on April 5 and the G.D.R. peacefully evolved from a communist to a democratically elected government. Free and secret communal (local) elections were held in the G.D.R. on May 6 and the CDU again won. On July 1 the two Germanys entered into an economic and monetary union. Four Power Control Ends During 1990 in parallel with internal German developments the Four Powers--the United States U.K. France and the Soviet Union-- together with the two German states negotiated to end Four Power reserved rights for Berlin and Germany as a whole. These "Two-plus-Four" negotiations were mandated at the Ottawa Open Skies conference on February 13 1990. The six foreign ministers met four times in the ensuing months in Bonn (May 5) Berlin (June 22) Paris (July 17) and Moscow (September 12). The Polish Foreign Minister participated in the part of the Paris meeting that dealt with the Polish-German borders. Of key importance was overcoming Soviet objections to a united Germany's membership in NATO. This was accomplished in July when the alliance led by President Bush issued the London Declaration on a transformed NATO. On July 16 President Gorbachev and Chancellor Kohl announced agreement in principle on a united Germany in NATO. This cleared the way for the signing in Moscow on September 12 of the Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany. In addition to terminating Four Power rights the treaty mandated the withdrawal of all Soviet forces from Germany by the end of 1994 made clear that the current borders were final and definitive and specified the right of a united Germany to belong to NATO. It also provided for the continued presence of British French and American troops in Berlin during the interim period of the Soviet withdrawal. In the treaty the Germans renounced nuclear biological and chemical weapons and stated their intention to reduce German armed forces to 370 000 within 3 to 4 years after the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty signed in Paris on November 19 1990 entered into force. Conclusion of the final settlement cleared the way for unification of the F.R.G. and G.D.R. Formal political union occurred on October 3 1990 with the accession (in accordance with Article 23 of the F.R.G.'s Basic Law) of the five Laender which had been reestablished in the G.D.R. On December 2 1990 all-German elections were held for the first time since 1933. _______Practical Information Edit This Besides hotels and B&Bs hostels are a good low budget option. Hostels provide simple, budget accomodation primarily in shared rooms. They are good places to get to know other travellers. In Germany, as in many countries, two flavors exist: international youth hostels and independent hostels. International Youth Hostels ("Jugendherbergen") are owned and run by the association "Deutsches Jugendherbergswerk" (DJH), which is part of the Hostelling International (HI) network. Their more than 600 hostels are spread all over Germany in big and small cities as well as in the country side. Not only individual travellers are guests, but also by school classes and other youth groups. To sleep there, you have to be or become a member in a youth hostel organisation belonging the HI network (http://www.hihostels.com). Detailed information about this and each of their hostels can be found on the DJH's Website (http://www.jugendherberge.de/international/). Privately run independent hostels are an attractive alternative for a similar price. More than 60 already exist in Germany, getting more and more every year. They are located in bigger cities, espcially in Berlin, Munich, Dresden, and Hamburg. Only few are in the country side. Sometimes run by former travellers, hostels refrain from having strict rules. Especially small ones are frequently places where you can feel at home. There is no need to be a member in some organisation to sleep there. About half of the hostels have organized themselves in a "Backpacker Network" (http://www.backpacker-network.de/), which provides a list of their members hostels. A more complete list is Marcus's hostel list (http://www.hostel-list.de/). If you are interested in other traveller's opinions about hostels try http://www.hostelz.com/. If you are looking for more privacy and prefer to stay in a hotel, you will find a lot of cheap accomodations in Berlin. Rates are generally lower as in the other European cities provided that you're not staying during a fair trade period. Detailed information on quality hotels in Berlin can be found on nyceBerlin ( http://www.nyceberlin.com/): you can find a selection of hotels in the center of Berlin, from 2 up to 4 star, all rooms with private bathroom. Each hotel is presented with pictures and maps of the quarter, a city guide is also available so that you can find the most interesting monuments near to your hotel. _______Getting Around Edit This On a train from Warnemunde to Berlin On a train from Warnemunde to Berlin Marilyn Hollick [Add Local transport mode] By recreational vehicle and campervans Edit This Recreational Vehicle (RV) is a broad term used to describe a large enclosed piece of equipment with wheels designed to be moved from place to place for people to temporarily live in and be protected from the elements while away from their permanent domicile. Campervans are vans that have been fitted out for use as accommodation. They are considered as an alternative to the purpose-built recreational vehicle or motorhome because they are smaller and handle like most vans. Many RVers in Germany stay at RV parks, most of which more.. World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.kochcompany.de email: b.koch@gmx.net Budget Airlines Edit This In the past few years budget airlines have become extremely popular and the flight prices are often lower than even a bus ticket and almost certainly lower than most trains. There are currently 6 budget airlines which serve multiple destinations from and within Germany: www.flydba.com (mainly domestic), www.germanwings.com, www.hlx.com, more.. World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.whichbudget.com germany Edit This hello World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 6221-332232 url: sgtekajtm@hotmail.com address: bangka street 9 no.7 jember jawa timur indonesia email: sgtekajtm@hotmail.com __________Getting There Edit This [Add Global transport mode] Budget Airlines (Europe) Edit This It is getting increasingly cheaper to get to Germany by air. Sometimes the prices are extremely low or tickets are even free. London is the biggest budget airline destination so sometimes it might be cheaper to fly into London, then get a budget airline flight (under 30 EUR at times) to a city in Germany. type: By Air World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.whichbudget.com ________Economy Edit This Economy—overview: In 1997 the German economy the world's third most powerful benefited from robust exports particularly to other members of the EU and the US as well as strengthening equipment investment. But anemic private consumption and a contraction in the construction industry limited the expansion. Unemployment continued to set post-war monthly records through the end of 1997 and averaged 4.3 million for the year. In preparation for the 1 January 1999 start of the European Monetary Union the government has made major efforts in 1996-97 to reduce the fiscal deficit. This effort has been complicated by growing unemployment an erosion of the tax base and the continuing transfer of roughly $100 billion a year to eastern Germany to refurbish this ex-communist area. In recent years business and political leaders have become increasingly concerned about Germany's decline in attractiveness as an investment target. They cite increasing preference by German companies to locate new manufacturing facilities in foreign countries including the US rather than in Germany to be closer to the markets and to avoid Germany's high tax rates high wage costs rigid labor structures and extensive regulations. For similar reasons foreign investment in Germany has been lagging in recent years. GDP: purchasing power parity—$1.74 trillion (western: purchasing power parity—$1.60 trillion; eastern: purchasing power parity—$144 billion) (1997 est.) GDP—real growth rate: 2.4% (western 2.5% eastern 1.7%) (1997 est.) GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity—$20 800 (western: purchasing power parity - $23 600; eastern: purchasing power parity—$9 100) (1997 est.) GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 1.1% industry: 34.5% services: 64.4% (1995) Inflation rate—consumer price index: 1.8% (1997) Labor force: total: 38.7 million by occupation: industry 41% agriculture 3% services 56% (1995) Unemployment rate: 12% (1997 est.) Budget: revenues: $755 billion expenditures: $832.1 billion including capital expenditures of $NA (1995) Industries: western: among world's largest and technologically advanced producers of iron steel coal cement chemicals machinery vehicles machine tools electronics food and beverages; eastern: metal fabrication chemicals brown coal shipbuilding machine building food and beverages textiles petroleum refining Industrial production growth rate: 3% (1997) Electricity—capacity: 109.727 million kW (1995) Electricity—production: 495.875 billion kWh (1995) Electricity—consumption per capita: 6 154 kWh (1995 est.) Agriculture—products: western: potatoes wheat barley sugar beets fruit cabbage; cattle pigs poultry; eastern: wheat rye barley potatoes sugar beets fruit; pork beef chicken milk hides Exports: total value: $521.1 billion (f.o.b. 1996) commodities: manufactures 88.2% (including machines and machine tools chemicals motor vehicles iron and steel products) agricultural products 5.0% raw materials 2.3% fuels 1.0% other 3.5% (1995) partners: EU 57.7% (France 11.7% UK 8.1% Italy 7.6% Netherlands 7.5% Belgium-Luxembourg 6.5% Austria 5.5%) Eastern Europe 8.0% other West European countries 7.5% US 7.3% NICs 5.6% Japan 2.5% OPEC 2.2% China 1.4% (1996 est.) Imports: total value: $455.7 billion (f.o.b. 1996) commodities: manufactures 74.2% agricultural products 9.9% fuels 6.4% raw materials 5.9% other 3.6% (1995) partners: EU 55.5% (France 10.8% Netherlands 8.6% Italy 8.4% Belgium-Luxembourg 6.6% UK 6.4% Austria 3.9%) Eastern Europe 8.7% other West European countries 7.2% US 6.8% Japan 5.3% NICs 5.3% China 2.4% OPEC 1.7% other 7.1% (1995) Debt—external: $NA Economic aid: donor: ODA $9 billion (1996 est.) Currency: like many other countries in Europe Germany now has the EURO... 1 € = 100 cent Exchange rates: deutsche marks (DM) per US$1—1.8167 (January 1998) 1.7341 (1997) 1.5048 (1996) 1.4331 (1995) 1.6228 (1994) 1.6533 (1993) Euro Exchange rate: 1€ = 1,29 US$ (04/25/2005) Fiscal year: calendar year __________Germany produces quite a few good white wines. Here we give you a short overview of different regions where you can find great wines. More info about the specific regions is found on the pages dedicated to those regions. [Add New] Mosel Edit This i_1 photo by: Richard Ong Trier is the best place to go to in order to taste these delicious white wines. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] __________Day Trips Edit This heyyy [Add Day Trip] Dachau Concentration Camp Edit This For a more historical day trip, plan a visit to the Dachau Concentration Camp about 10 miles from Munich, Germany. There is an excellent museum built on the grounds of the concentration camp. You will walk through the gas chambers, and see the torture rooms. This is such a huge part of history its important to understand what really went on in Germany back in the day. World66 rating: [rate it] __________People Edit This Villagers Citybound Villagers Citybound Werner Ruckelshausen The people in Germany seem to be quite helpful towards English speaking people. Many Germans know some English and if you want to increase your chance of meeting someone who speaks English I recommend approaching someone under the age of 30. (English is a mandatory second language in German schools, therefore most young people know some English). The Germans can be an enigmatic bunch. Conservative and rule-abiding on one hand and yet relaxed enough to let it all hang out at numerous mixed, naked saunas. But even in the sauna - rules are rules. Many German people seem to be kind to fellow friends, but can get a little hasty around people from different countries. _________Beaches Edit This Sylth Beach Sylth Beach wikipedia Germany's Baltic coast has many fine beaches. A recent trend has been the opening of numerous swinger beaches in big cities. Germans love beaches so much that they are willing to create them on the banks of rivers and even within highrise buildings. More information can be found on the Official German Tourist Office: http://www.germany-tourism.de/e/coasts_and_islands.html Contributors June 05, 2005 change by giorgio April 01, 2005 new by miromi [Add Beach] Asuncion Beach Edit This Asuncion beach is a care-free clothes on beach!!!!!!!!! you have an option of not wearing your bathing suit on! i reccomend not to wear your bathing suit. This beach is ranked 6th on our top!!! World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.myspace.com address: 8800 sw 150 st email: hellomoto0010@aim.com ::::::::::::Bochum Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Shaft of Bochum Mining Museum Shaft of Bochum Mining Museum livedbig Bochum is a city in the Ruhr area, North-Rhine-Westfalica. It was a long time the city with the most coal mines in the city area. It´s one of the points where the industrialisation based on coal began. the mines digged deeper and deeper for the coal, expanding in northern direction Today there is no shaft in Bochum left, but the famous "German Mining Museum" shows still a lot of mining history, development and technique. :::::::::::Brandenburg Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see i Brandenburg is the region all around Berlin, but the difference between the fast paced capital and the quiet countryside could not be bigger. Around the size of Belgium it stretches between the Elbe and Oder rivers and from the lakes around Rheinsberg in the north to the lakes in the south around Cottbus. The State of Brandenburg covers an area of 29,056km² (11,218 miles²). Apart from pine and fir forests this region mostly consists of sandy plain. There are 3000 rivers and lakes in this area - the Havel and the Spree rivers flow through it as well. With only 2.53 million people the state is sparsely populated. With 500 hectares of parks and 150 buildings constructed between 1730 and 1916, the complex of palaces and parks of Potsdam form a unique whole which lines the banks of the Havel and the Glienicke Lakes. Voltaire stayed in the Sanssouci Palace, built under Frederick II between 1745 and 1757. Other monuments in this state are the St. Jacob's Chapel in Perleberg and St. Katherine's Church in Brandenburg an der Havel, both dating from the fourteenth century. In Brandenburg a.d.H. there is also a Romanesque cathedral which had its foundation laid in the twelfth century, and was rebuilt in the fourteenth century in the Gothic style. This cathedral was extensively restored in the 1960s. Other popular tourist destinations in Brandenburg include the Spree Forest ( Spreewald), Frankfurt/Oder, Wittenberg and Sachsenhausen with its former Nazi concentration camp. ****Bernau bei Berlin Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Bernau is situated about 10 km north of Berlin and can be easily reached with S-Bahn or train. ________Museums Edit This Bernau has two museums, that can be visited in summertime. The "Heimatmuseum" am Steintor gives you an idea about local history. The "Wolf Kahlen Museum / Intermedia Arts Museum" am Pulverturm exhibits art and installations from Wolf Kahlen, a local modern artist from the 1960ies to today. Contributors October 07, 2006 new by bernhadette (2 points) [Add Museum] Heimatmuseum (Steintor) Edit This Located at the "Steintor", one of the 3 gates of Bernau, you find a very pretty little museum, the " Heimatmuseum ". Visiting the museum you can get glimpse of life and war in Bernau in the last 500 years. You will find a collection of Medieval weapons at the armory. You can see textiles, furniture, arts and crafts as well as tools depicting the brewery tradition and everyday life in the city from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. You should not miss taking a look at the reconstructed "black kitchen", that gives you an idea how people cooked and prepared their food in the more.. World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 0049-3338-2924 openingHours: May to October, closed in winter-time: Tuesday to Friday 9 - 12 a.m. and 14 - 17 p.m.; Saturday and Sunday: 10 - 13 a.m. 14 - 17 p.m url: www.bernau.de address: Heimatmuseum, Steintor, Berliner Straße, 16321 Bernau bei Berlin *****Cottbus Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see i_7 Cottbus is located at the southern end of the Spreewald (Spree Forest) about 70 miles south of Berlin and is also only 20 miles away from the Polish border. Cottbus and surrounding villages such as Tauer and Peitz are also home to the only Slavic race resident in Germany, the Sorbs (sometimes known as the Wends). This is why you will also see the name Chosebuz, as it is the Sorbish name, and further information about their culture and lifestyle can be found in the Wendisches Museum in the city centre. Many of the streets are signposted in both languages as well, but Sorbish, as expected from a Slavic language, is more related to Polish and Czech than to German. Few especially old buildings survive, but there are a few older churches and some remains of the old city wall, the best examples being the Spremburger Turm (Turm = tower in German) and the Münzturm, which was a mint (Münze = coin). The Münzturm can be found in the north-eastern corner of the city centre, whereas the Spremburger Turm is in the south. The theatre (Staatstheater Cottbus) has the distinction of being the only theatre building in Germany to be constructed in an Art Nouveau style and its performances enjoy a fine reputation. Hotel Am Potsdamer Platz im Zentrum von Berlin, Mitte. Last M. EZ 39€, DZ 49€ Du/WC/TV. www. HotelAmPotsdamerPlatz. de The major building is on Schillerplatz, just to the west of the square called the Altmarkt, which is the historical core of Cottbus. The major attraction around here is Schloss Branitz (Branitz Castle), which underwent heavy restoration after the fall of the Berlin Wall and celebrated its 150th anniversary in 1996. The castle itself (designed by Gottfried Semper, the same architect who designed the world-renowned Semperoper or Dresden Opera House) is a museum which devotes itself to the life of Fürst Hermann Pückler (1785-1871), the eccentric and enigmatic landscape gardener whose gardens are the major sight of this complex. These gardens were created over 40 years (1846 - 1888), indeed Pückler did not live to see them completely finished. The major claim to fame is the "Seepyramide" (literally translated as lake pyramid) which is Pückler's final resting place, a large pyramid set in the middle of a lake. The gardens became much more well-known after the Bundesgartenschau, a national exhibition of gardens, which was held there in 1995. Cottbus is also a base (although Lübben and Lübbenau are closer, they are much smaller) for visiting the Spreewald, a unique and protected forest landscape which is criss-crossed with small rivers which feed the River Spree. The Sorbs are especially prevalent here, but their "capital", as it were, is the Saxon city of Bautzen (known as Budyssin in Sorbish). Cottbus is easily reached by train and it is simple to travel to other cities like Dresdenor Leipzig. Travelling from Berlin or Dresden, expect a journey to last approximately two hours, depending from which station you travel from and the type of train you use. ________Sights Edit This [Add Sight] Klosterkirche Edit This The 13th-century Klosterkirche (church) is one of the major examples of Sorbian architecture. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] Branitz Palace Edit This Branitz Palace and the Branitzer park are nice to spend some time as well. In the See in the park there is a small Pyramid floating around. the old town (fort and old buildings). Tha`nh: I want to find my friend in Cottbus so how to find? type: general World66 rating: [rate it] ****Rheinsberg Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see On the shores of Grienerick See, Rheinsberg is primarily famous for its Schloss Rheinsberg. Other things worthwhile doing while in Rheinsberg include a boat tour on the lake or a cruise on the river. At Pentecost there is a good jazz festival with live music around the clock. ________Sights Edit This [Add Sight] Schloss Rheinsberg Edit This The major sight in town. Remodeled in the 1740-ties, the Schloss is a predecessor of Sanssouci in Potsdam. It was spared in WW II, and many art treasures have been brought to the Schloss Museum afterwards. The schloss is being renovated.. Open from april to october from 9:30 to 5 pm. Admission is 6 DM. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] ****Spreewald Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see i Spreewald is the green lung of the Berlin Area. The towns of Lubben and Lubbenau, only 13 km apart, rival as the charm capital of the Wald. The nicest thing to do in the Spreewald is to visit the forest by boat. There are small punt boats that can take you over the canals. Hiking and walking are also a very good option. The tourist office in Lubben sells maps with walking routes. The nicest hike is probably from Lubben to Lubbenau (13 km). When you have time you should try to visit Lehde as well, the Venice of the Spreewald. It has a museum that has nice examples of original Sorbian architecture. The Spreewald is easily reached by train to Lubben. _______Sights Edit This Spreewald is a big area south of Berlin , around the small town of Lübben. The Spree is a small river there and because of the danger of high waters after heavy rainfalls, the inhabitants of this flat area had the idea to build thousands of small canals, all combined with each other, so the regular floods were not so bad any more. Since some centuries it is usual to go on these waterarms with small boats driven by a "Spreewald- Gondoliere" who has a large stick to move on the boats. It became a real tourist-event, already in the times of DDR - (the so called Democratic Republic of Germany) and is still a great event today. I spent 3 days there and we took several rides with these great boats - at some areas they go with the engine and some parts like the 'Hochwald' - the 'high forest' the gondoliere has to push the boat... ****Wittenberg Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see "Lutherstadt" Wittenberg is located in the eastern part of Saxony Anhalt about halfway between Berlin (80 km) and Leipzig (70 km). The city of approximately 54,000 serves as the county seat of Wittenberg (population ca. 140,000). The main claim to fame of Wittenberg is that it is the town where Martin Luther started the reformation. The city was an important intellectual and cultural centre in thos days and many monuments of that period can still be seen today. The best starting point for a samll city tour is the Markt where you find City Hall, a beautiful renaissance building finished in 1535, as well as St. Mary's Church. Together with the facades the houses facing the marketplace, these two buildings form one of the most beautiful historical ensembles in Gemany. For this reason this whole area has long been protected as an historical site. The Castle Church, in the Wittenberg Castle was were Luther posted his 95 theses - the starting point opf the reformation. The Castle and All Saints Church were built by Frederick the Wise between 1490 and 1511. The Church comprises the third wing of the structure. In 1892 one of the castle towers was remodeled and made into the spire of the church. The Castle Church was known both for its artistic interior and for Frederick the Wise's unique collection of relics. Beginning in 1507, the Church also served as the University chapel. During the Seven Years' War, in 1760, the Church was destroyed by fire and was rebuilt in 1892 as a Monument to the Reformation. Cranach and Melanchthon Houses are good examples of renaissance architectur from this part of Europe as well and can be visited. :::::::::Lichtenfels Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Lichtenfels market place Lichtenfels market place John Park Lichtenfels is a small peaceful town between Bamberg and Coburg with about 20.000 inhabitants. It is the basket making capital of Germany with college to teach the subject. It is also a railway junction on the line from Bamberg to Bayreuth so it is easy to get to by rail. Its two main tourist attractions apart from the town itself are the baroque Vierzehnheiligen (14 angels) church and the Kloster Banz monastery which sit on the skyline on either side of the valley of the River Main which flows through the town. :::::::::::Lower Saxony Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see pied piper pied piper voltaire medina Lower Saxony ("Niedersachsen" in German) is the second largest federal state (Bundesland) of Germany. Situated in the north-west of the country, it measures 350 km from Schnackenburg on the River Elbe to the Dutch border in the west, and 300km from Cuxhaven on the North Sea coast to Hannoversch Münden at the southern extremity of the state. Its population is almost equal to that of Sweden - nearly 8 million. "Niedersachsen" is a mixture of flatlands and mountains. The entire area along the Weser River is spectacular with lakes waterfalls mountains rivers and windmills. Borkum, an island off the North Sea coast is as attractive as the peaks of the Harz Mountains in the south of Lower Saxony. In between these two you will find a great concentration of people around Hannover but also deserted heaths, Europe's largest automotive plant but also the Hildesheimer Börde, with the most fertile soils in Germany. Lower Saxony has the most extensive mixed woodlands in the country, eight large cities and countless moors. The East Frisian islands are undoubtedly the favourite holiday destination for German families. :::::::::::Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see photo Mecklenburg - Western Pomerania is located in northeast Germany. Although the landscape is magnificent with hills, lake country and fine sandy beaches and dunes, the northern region of Germany, Mecklenburg - Western Pomerania, is not very known by most of the tourists from abroad. Approximately 1.8 million residents live in its 23.170 square km area, making it the most thinly populated state in Germany (79 inhabitants per square km). Many inhabitants live in or around the bigger cities of Rostock, Schwerin, Stralsund and Wismar. These cities have all a history rich in tradition and charming historic town centres. "Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" (in German) has a maritime flair. Its 1.712 km coastline, with 354 km of outer coast, is the longest of any German state. With the natural beauty of its varied coastline, its multitude of lakes, and its beautiful forests and fields, Mecklenburg - Western Pomerania will soon become one of the most attractive tourist destinations in Germany. Rugen - Germany's biggest island - was and still is a beautiful and very charming bath with sandy, mediterranean beaches and recreation resorts. All around you will find the fascinating bath architecture of the 19th century, when the island was the first summer holiday address for the German upper class. Along the Baltic Sea coastline you will find less crowded but maybe even nicer Sea Baths like Fischland, Darss, Zingst, Warnemunde or Prerow. However, Mecklenburg is not alone a land of the sea, but also the a land of lakes. The largest lake in the state and all of Germany is the "Müritzsee" with an area of 110 square km. ::::::::Mondorf Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see The infamous ferry The infamous ferry unknown Mondorf is a medium-sized village just south of Bonn. From Bonn take bus number 550 from the Hauptbahnhof to Mondorf. The village is known for being the first city in continental Europe featuring rhubarb. If you wish you taste authentic Rhineland cuisine visit the Gasthaus Börsch near Provinzialstraße. Here you can have excellent food, good drinks and all at reasonable prices. It also has a comfortable hotel. From there you can start a wonderful stroll along the Rhine towards Bonn. The Yachthafen is the perfect spot to watch fishermen, endangered wildlife and of course nature. Mondorf also features a beautiful cemitary behind the catholic church and is home to the infamous "Konditorei Hausmann" (just opposite from the church). Here youll get the best cakes and danish from the entire region. Further south you can find an old Jewish cemetary. Another local attraction is the rhine ferry which brings you and your car or bike safely back to Bonn. Enjoy this short ride over the river Rhine and catch a last view over the roof tops of this gem of german villages. :::::::::::North Rhine-Westphalia Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see A view from the top of the Dom Cathedral in Cologne A view from the top of the Dom Cathedral in Cologne A. Caudel The state of North Rhine-Westphalia (in German "Nordrhein-Westfalen" or short NRW) is highly industriated and, as the name shows, the Rhine is the main river that flows through this region. Ruhr, Wupper, Lippe and Erms are the other rivers that are situated in Europe's largest industrial concentration. Almost 18 million people live in this region, more than 50 per cent of them in one of the big cities like Düsseldorf, Dortmund, Cologne, Recklinghausen or Duisburg. Altogether NRW has 30 cities with more than 100.000 inhabitants - more than 20 per cent of all Germans live in this federal state. Life pulsates in these cities: concerts, musicals and shows in unusual places. Museums, like the big art museums in Bonn, and theaters of all kinds and in great numbers. Shopping that's a real experience. Here, something is always going on! Europe's most dense and diverse cultural region lies here between the Rhine and Weser rivers, with impressive monuments such as the cathedrals of Aachen and Cologne and hundreds of palaces and castles like Hombroich or Bruhl. Only a stone's throw away of the pulsing cities you will find large recreation areas with forests, hills, fluvial plains and low mountain ranges. Discover the "Bergisches Land" with its famous old churches, the "Teutoburger Wald" or the "Münsterland." Enjoy a romantic weekend, winter walks and fine cuisine or a skiing holiday in the "Sauerland." ::::::::::Mondorf Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see The infamous ferry The infamous ferry unknown Mondorf is a medium-sized village just south of Bonn. From Bonn take bus number 550 from the Hauptbahnhof to Mondorf. The village is known for being the first city in continental Europe featuring rhubarb. If you wish you taste authentic Rhineland cuisine visit the Gasthaus Börsch near Provinzialstraße. Here you can have excellent food, good drinks and all at reasonable prices. It also has a comfortable hotel. From there you can start a wonderful stroll along the Rhine towards Bonn. The Yachthafen is the perfect spot to watch fishermen, endangered wildlife and of course nature. Mondorf also features a beautiful cemitary behind the catholic church and is home to the infamous "Konditorei Hausmann" (just opposite from the church). Here youll get the best cakes and danish from the entire region. Further south you can find an old Jewish cemetary. Another local attraction is the rhine ferry which brings you and your car or bike safely back to Bonn. Enjoy this short ride over the river Rhine and catch a last view over the roof tops of this gem of german villages. ::::::::::::::Rhineland-Palatinate Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see the Worms cathedral the Worms cathedral Rhin linked with the grape as the Rhineland-Palatinate. Ahr, Central Rhine, Nahe, Moselle-Saar-Ruwer, Rhine Hesse and Rhine Palatinate are the six wine-growing areas in the Rhineland-Palatinate region. Rhineland-Palatinate is mainly famous for its delicious wines. No other region is as closely The capital of this region is Mainz, where you can enjoy beautiful Gothic architecture as well as shipping tours along the Rhine valley, maybe towards Rudesheim - a real tourist destination concerning Rhine romanticism. If you are interested in Roman past and the most famous white wines of Germany, you should definetely visit Trier, the oldest city of Germany and really a top destination. One of the top highlights is of course the Formula 1 Grand Prix, wich takes place at the famouse racing track Nurburgring. Nearby you can enjoy the beauty and stillness of nature in the Eifel mountains as well as on the dark volcanic lakes in this region. On the river Ahr you can walk or cycle the 35 km ‘Red Wine’ trail. This route is takes you right into the heart of the Ahr vineyards with views over a picturesque landscape of vines and neat little wine-growing villages. In the central Rhine region around Mainz, Worms, Bingen and Alzey you will find steep vineyard slopes, numerous castles and stately homes. The famous Loreley rock and romantic wine villages greet the visitor on his journey through the historically important countryside of the Rhine valley. Countless restaurants, home-grown wine sellers and wine bars invite you to taste this wonderful wine. The same can be said about the Moselle-Saar-Ruwer region. The landscape of this wine region is characterised by steep slopes that often rise to dizzying heights. Wherever there is spot of slate ground in a sunny position, it will have vines growing on it: on the softly sloping hills, in steep gardens or on terraces which stretch down to the river bed. ::::::::::Saarland Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Völklingen Völklingen The Saarland is, beside the city states Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen the smallest of Germany's state regions. It is situated in the very Southwest of Germany, between France, Luxembourg and the German regions Pfalz and Hunsruck. It has low, partly wooded hills and is drained by the river Saar, which flows in endless bows from the industrial regions of Saarlouis and Volklingen towards its mouth right in the wine region around Trier in Rhineland-Palatinate. The main attraction is Saarbrucken, the capital and a modern, industrial city with beautiful churches. Everywhere in the Saarland you will find the french way of living, especially in the field of gastronomy. The "Laissez faire" and "savoir vivre" mentality of the Saarland inhabitants is really a fascinating mixture of french and typical German influences. ________Saarbrucken Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Völklingen Völklingen Located on the river Saar, where it got its name from, Saarbrücken, the capital of the Saarland, is a lovely city with almost 200.000 inhabitants. It has a lot to offer for both tourists and businesspeople alike: the French flair, the picturesque old part of the city, an extraordinary cultural life and much more. Its location in Europe opens up further possibilities. France is a stone's throw away, and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg city only about 60 kilometers. Everything is very close and you can reach the various places without stress. If you are interested in the history of industry, it is well-worth visiting the site of the Völklingen old ironworks, which is a cultural heritage site. It is possible to go in nearly every part of the old factory, which also serves as an exhibition centre with different temporary exhibitions. ________Getting There Edit This The nearest International Airport is Frankfurt. You can get to Saarbrucken from Frankfurt by train. The ICE train service runs to Saarbrucken approximately 2 times a day from Frankfurt during the week, with one service arriving in the morning/lunchtime, and another one arriving in the evening. It is also between 6-8 hours away by road from the port of Calais in France. :::::::::Saxony Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see saxony saxony krystian-zoszczuk@graphic-designer.com Saxony ("Sachsen" in German) has a rich history and cultural heritage. In former times it was one of the most important German kingdoms and between 1949 and 1989 Sachsen was the highest developed state in former East-Germany. You can comprehend, that Saxony had a varied history and was divided several times in the past before it became to the state it currently is. Saxony is highly industrialized and therefore not the cleanest German state, but besides this, it has a lot of cultural sights to offer. Dresden, situated on the river Elbe, is the cultural center and the former capital of the Saxon kings. It is still one of the most beautiful cities in Germany with a huge architectural heritage and very large cultural offers. In Chemnitz, formerly known as the Karl-Marx Stadt, Saxony's business heart pulses. Chemnitz is a modern city with extensive green areas and an exciting landscape all around. Meissen is worldwide famous for its precious porcelain. The town of Meissen, founded over one thousand years ago, likes to think of itself as the cradle of Saxony. But just as different as the sax are, are the regions of Saxony, in which they live: the pulse of urban Dresden - the more quiet regions of Saxony, like the Erzgebirge or the Sachsische schweiz or the hidden treasures on Saxony's Silver Road (Silberstrasse) or in Upper Lusatia with Bautzen and Görlitz. :::::::::Saxony-Anhalt Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Magdeburg, Cathedral Magdeburg, Cathedral unknown Saxony-Anhalt regained its status as a regional state in 1990, when the reunification of East and West Germany took place. It has now more than 2.5 million inhabitants and 21 municipalities. Magdeburg, the capital, is very famous for its cathedral with the early Gothic sculptures and Otto von Guericke's (1602-1686) trial experiment with the "Magdeburger Halbkugeln". In Halle / Saale you will find the interesting past of a salt producing city as well as the Haendel music festivals. Other tourist destinations may be: Eisleben, the city where Martin Luther was born and died, Wernigerode in the Harz mountains (discover the ski resort "Brocken" at 1.142 m sea level) or Dessau, famous for being the capital of the "Bauhaus" movement in the early 20th century. :::::::::::Magdeburg Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Magdeburg, Cathedral Magdeburg, Cathedral unknown Magdeburg, located at the banks of the river Elbe, is one of the most famous eastern German cities - mainly because of its cathedral and the "Magdeburg Rider". The city of Magdeburg possesses a long history as a center of trade and culture. This, along with the city's extremely favorable location from a military strategic point of view, allowed "Magadaburg" on the cathedral hill to quickly develop into a booming, pulsating merchant haven. It was Otto I, who brought Magdeburg to the level of archbishopric. Impressive architectural structures attest to the power, influence, and ability of the men who decreed their construction. Among them is the Gothic cathedral, the Romanesque cloister of "Our Beloved Lady", and the city hall with the "Magdeburg Rider", the first free-standing equestrian monument, dating back approximately 750 years. Many well-known and other lesser known personalities left their mark on Magdeburg. Telemann and Wagner represent the music tradition of the city, while entrepreneurs and engineers like Wolf and Gruson built up Magdeburg's reputation around the turn of the century as a center of industry and a model for city planning and construction. The names of Bruno Taut and Johannes Goederitz are called as deputy here. Unfortunately, though, the evolution of this city on the Elbe did not always continue along the same path. Phases of economic growth and cultural advancement were suddenly interrupted by moments of destruction, death, and resignation. Tilly's troops brought incredible destruction to Magdeburg during the Thirty Years War. On May 10, 1631, the city was razed to the ground. No one could ever imagine that such a terrible tragedy would befall the citizens of Magdeburg a second time, but several centuries later, on January 16, 1945, the city was once again reduced to rubble -this time, by British-American air attacks toward the end of World War II. Today, Magdeburg is a city with 235.000 inhabitants and a remarkably well rebuilt heart of the city, that boasts splendid facades and many charming, quaint corners :::::::::Schleswig-Holstein Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Lübeck's famous Holstentor Lübeck's famous Holstentor Adam J Berg The Schleswig-Holstein region located on the isthmus connecting Germany to Denmark has coastlines on both the North and Baltic Seas. This area has some of the most rural stretches of land in the country. Expansive sandy beaches and flat pastureland characterize the North Sea side and wide short beaches and rolling hills define the Baltic coast. Castles forests dikes and quaint towns abound. Of most interest are the traditional bathing spots such as Heiligendamm, Timmmendorfer Strand and the islands of Amrum or Sylt. Unfortunately for tourists the extensive sandy beaches are fenced off along most of the coasts and people are charged for access to the water (which is cold to boot!). The main city in is Kiel a shipbuilding port of limited interest (its main attraction is the 13th-century St. Nicholas Church). Also in this area are the ancestral homes of ancient settlers of England and the Scottish lowlands Schwansen and Angeln (the Anglo in Anglo-Saxon). Main attraction in this state are Flensburg and Lubeck. ::::::Thuringia Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Ar the opera house in Weimar Ar the opera house in Weimar yongyeez Thuringia is a main tourist attraction because of its beautiful Thuringian forest, which stretches from the Werra River in the west to the Saale River in the southeast. You can and should discover this charming region by bike, by foot or even on horseback. Several tourist routes and excursions are offered. Thuringia has quite a varied history: during the 17th century it was split into more than 20 states and until 1919 it consisted of seven earldoms and one Prussian municipality. This explains the variety of small cities, villages, and the 193 castles located within its relativelty small area (slightly more than 16.000 sq. km.). Most (77 per cent) of the less than 2.5 million inhabitants live in villages with less than 2,000 inhabitants. The most famous castle is of course the "Wartburg" near Eisenach, where Walther von der Vogelweide, Wolfram von Eschenbach, Saint Elisabeth of Thuringia and Martin Luther once lived. The cities of Goethe, Schiller and Weimar are a must for everyone just a little interested in German literature and culture. Other tourist destinations are Naumburg and its beautiful cathedral or Erfurt, which is not only the capital city of the Freistaat Thüringen (State of Thuringia) but with nearly 200,000 citizens and an area of approx. 269 km2 its biggest city. |
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| Germany Travel
Guide Germany Travel Guide and Germany Travel Information - TravelPuppy.com 'Fast cars and fairytale castles' Through the turmoil of the 20th century, Germany has emerged as a confident, powerful nation and, with the memory of the wall that divided Berlin into east and west still fresh in the national consciousness, continues to be the driving force towards greater European integration. The German people enjoy a reputation for accuracy, precision and efficiency and words which are often used to describe their excellent cars. Although an equally enduring image is of lederhosen-clad Bavarians hoisting beer steins at Munich’s famous Oktoberfest. Neither of these stereotypes reflects the diversity of Germany’s towns and cities. From romantic Heidelberg, the medieval Nuremberg of Dürer and the Weimar of Goethe and the Bauhaus, to the lively port cities of Bremen and Hamburg, the financial centre of Frankfurt and revitalised cities of the former east like Dresden. Overshadowing them all is the cosmopolitan decadence of Berlin, where bureaucrats of the new capital rub shoulders with artists and techno club-goers. The German landscape is similarly very varied. To the south, the Alps attract ski-lovers in winter and hiking enthusiasts during summer, who come to explore the scenic lakes and atmospheric castles here and in the Black Forest. Watersports are another summer pastime, and in the north, the island of Rugen with its majestic white cliffs and coastal towns like Wilhelmshaven offer terrific facilities for adventures on the North Sea. Useful travel links ____________ Germany General Info Germany General Information - TravelPuppy.com Capital: Berlin Area: 357,027 sq km (137,849 sq miles) Population of Germany: 82,536,680 (official estimate 2002). Population of Berlin: 3,392,900 (official estimate 1999). Population Density: 231.2 per sq km Geography: The Federal Republic of Germany shares frontiers with Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Poland and Switzerland. The northwest of the country has a coastline on the North Sea with islands known for their health resorts, while the Baltic coastline in the northeast stretches from the Danish to the Polish border. The country is divided into 16 states (Bundesländer) including the formerly divided city of Berlin. The landscape is exceedingly varied, with the Rhine, Bavaria and the Black Forest being probably the three most famous features of western Germany. In eastern Germany, the country is lake-studded with undulating lowlands which give way to the hills and mountains of the Lausitzer Bergland, the Saxon Hills in the Elbe Valley and the Erzgebirge, whilst the once divided areas of the Thuringian and Harz ranges in the central part of the country are now whole regions again. River basins extend over a large percentage of the eastern part of Germany, the most important being the Elbe, Saale, Havel, Spree and Oder. Northern Germany includes the states of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania and the city states of Bremen and Hamburg. The western area of the country consists of the Rhineland, the industrial sprawl of the Ruhr, Westphalia (Westfalen), Hesse (Hessen), the Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz) and the Saarland. In the southern area of the country are the two largest states, Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria (Bayern), which contain the Black Forest (Schwarzwald), Lake Constance (Bodensee) and the Bavarian Alps. Munich (München), Stuttgart and Nuremberg (Nürnberg) are the major cities. The eastern part of the country is made up of the states of Thuringia, Saxony, Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt and Berlin. The major cities in eastern Germany are Dresden, Leipzig, Erfurt, Halle, Potsdam, Schwerin and Rostock. Apart from Leipzig and Rostock, these are also all recently reconstituted state capitals. Government: Federal Republic. Head of State: President Horst Köehler since 2004. Head of Government: Chancellor Gerhard Schröder since 1998 Language: German. English is widely spoken and French is also spoken, particularly in the Saarland. In the north of Schleswig-Holstein, Danish is spoken by the Danish minority and taught in schools. In Brandenburg and Saxony, Sorbic is spoken by the ethnic minority called the Sorbs and is also taught in about 50 schools. Regional dialects often differ markedly from standard German. Religion: Approximately 34 per cent Protestant, 34 per cent Roman Catholic, with Jewish, Muslim and other non-Christian minorities. Time: GMT + 1 (GMT + 2 from last Sunday in March to Saturday before last Sunday in October). Electricity: 230 volts AC, 50Hz. European-style round two-pin plugs are in use. Lamp fittings are screw type. ______________Germany History Germany History - TravelPuppy.com From the fifth century AD onwards, the complex and rich history of what is now Germany is inseparable from that of Central and Western Europe as a whole. It is often said that the Germanic tribes destroyed the Roman Empire, but the Visigoths, Ostrogoths and Franks who settled in Western Europe after the deposition of the Emperor Romulus in AD 476 were anxious to perpetuate some parts of a system which they both admired and found administratively convenient. Indeed, it was a Frank, Charlemagne, who revived the Roman Empire in the West in AD 800, uniting modern-day Germany with France and northern Italy, albeit only for the 40 years of his own reign and that of his son, Louis the Pious. The division of Charlemagne’s Empire was confirmed by the Treaty of Verdun (AD 843), as a result of which much of what is now Germany passed to Louis’ son, who was known as Louis the German. During the next 80 years, Germany fragmented into 5 large duchies, Saxony, Bavaria, Franconia, Lorraine and Swabia, whose dukes managed to establish a de facto hereditary tenure over each of their respective fiefdoms. The 10th century witnessed a growth in the power of central authority under the leadership of the House of Saxony, while in the 11th and early 12th centuries, under the Salian Dynasty, the power of the crown was at its height. In 1152, following a disputed succession and a civil war, the dynamic Frederick Barbarossa acceded to the throne: he is one of the most significant figures in German history. Frederick, his son Henry VI and his grandson Frederick II, made prodigious attempts to revive the reality of royal power in Germany and Italy, but the task proved impossible and by the late 13th century the country was seething with civil war. This period saw the emergence for the first time of the House of Habsburg. Temporarily deposed by other dynasties during the next 150 years, Albert V of Habsburg re-established his clan’s ascendancy in 1438. The Habsburgs were to rule the empire, with only a brief interruption, until 1806. By this time Germany had dissolved into a patchwork of over 300 states, some no more than a town or castle, and increasingly the Habsburg Emperors derived their power and influence from their extensive family lands. In 1519, Charles V became Emperor, uniting by his dynastic connections Spain, the Low Countries, Naples, Sicily, Burgundy, the Holy Roman Empire and all the Spanish possessions in the New World. Germany, in common with much of the rest of Europe, was divided by the Reformation at this time, despite Charles V’s attempts to impose a religious solution by force. The impossibility of holding together such a large empire was recognised by Charles himself, and on his abdication in 1556 the imperial office and the Habsburg lands passed to his brother Ferdinand I. Sporadic warfare against the Turks continued, but a more serious catastrophe was the complex Thirty Years War (1618-48), during which many of Europe’s disputes were fought out on German soil. One of the results of the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years War, was the emergence of the previously minor state of Brandenburg-Prussia as a major power. The territorial gains were built upon by a series of cunning and ruthless rulers and, by the early 18th century, the new kingdom was the scourge of other European states, not least the Habsburg Empire. Frederick the Great is the king most strongly associated with the growth of Prussian militarism. When the moribund Holy Roman Empire – not inaccurately described by a contemporary as ‘neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire’ – was formally abolished by Napoleon in 1806 (by which time the Habsburgs had already assumed the title of Emperors of Austria), much of its northern and eastern parts had already been absorbed by Prussia. After 1815 the German Confederation was established with 39 states. German unification continued apace throughout the century, the most influential figure in the process being Count Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor under Emperor Wilhelm I. Various wars, both offensive and defensive, were fought with other European states, of which the most notable was the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71). In the following decades, an increasingly complex web of treaties, including the Dual and Triple Alliances of 1878 and 1892, and diplomatic liaisons evolved, which managed to contain temporarily the increasingly ambitious policies of the major European states and their empires. A revolt in Serbia finally shattered the illusion of European security, precipitating a complex chain of events which led to World War I. The year after the end of World War I in 1919, Germany adopted a democratic constitution. This was the foundation of what became known as the Weimar Republic, named after the former capital of the Saxe-Weimar grand duchy and located in the modern Land of Thüringen. However, assailed by serious domestic political instability compounded by the Great Depression of the 1920s and 30s, which hit Germany severely, Weimar paved the way for the rise of Adolf Hitler’s Nationalist Socialists who took power following the general election of 1933. Hitler sought to reverse the perceived humiliation imposed by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles by initiating a major rearmament programme that no other European power seemed inclined to challenge. He next set about creating the Third Reich, first by merger (the Anschluss) with Austria, then annexation of the Czech Sudetenland, followed by Czechoslovakia itself. When Hitler threatened Poland, the UK and France drew the line: from there, it was a short route to World War II. After 6 years of global warfare, at an estimated cost of 60 million lives, the German army was defeated in 1945 by the allied armies of the USA, the USSR, the UK and others. This produced the post-war division of Europe into Western and Soviet spheres of influence. Germany was divided into 2 parts: the eastern, Soviet-controlled portion became the German Democratic Republic (GDR); the western part emerged to become the Federal Republic of Germany. The city of Berlin, which lay within the GDR, was itself divided into allied and Soviet-controlled zones. East Berlin became the capital of the GDR while the isolated West Berlin was attached to the Federal Republic. The Federal Republic was established in September 1949, under the supervision of the three Western allied powers, the USA, the UK and France. Federal politics adopted the familiar pattern of Social Democratic (SPD) and centre-right Christian Democrat (CDU) parties typical of most of Western Europe. The dominant political figure of the era was Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor between 1949 and 1963. Adenauer and his Economics Minister Ludwig Erhard were the principal architects of the country’s phenomenal economic growth after 1945. A major foundation of this was the European Coal and Steel Community, under which the Federal Republic and France, together with several smaller neighbours, established a free trade area in these products. This was the basis of the European Economic Community, which was formally established by the 1960 Treaty of Rome. The Christian Democrats remained in power until 1972, at which point the SPD took control of the Bundestag (Parliament) under the leadership of Willi Brandt. Brandt resigned in 1974 and was replaced by Helmut Schmidt. Brandt initiated Ostpolitik under which peaceful co-operation became the centrepiece of relations with the GDR, it was conceived as an alternative to the sterility of the Cold War. The Soviets had sponsored the creation of the GDR in October 1949 and granted formal independence to the country 5 years later. During the 1950s, the GDR embarked on a full-scale programme of socialist development complete with wholesale agricultural reform and breakneck industrial construction. Popular discontent with some of the policies culminated in a series of uprisings throughout the decade, notably in 1953, which were put down forcefully. Political power in the GDR was vested solely in the hands of the Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (SED – Socialist Unity Party), an amalgam of leftist and pre-war anti-fascist parties dominated by the Communist Party. Walter Ulbricht was succeeded as Party First Secretary in 1971 by Erich Honecker, who remained in the post almost until the end of the GDR. As with West Germany, relations with the ‘other’ Germany dominated the political agenda in the GDR. Ostpolitik was continued by Brandt’s successor, Helmut Schmidt, and by the Government which took office after the SPD lost its overall majority at the 1980 election. This was a coalition of the SPD and the small centrist Free Democrats, then led by Hans-Dietrich Genscher, who became West Germany’s Foreign Minister for the next 12 years. The SPD-FPD coalition collapsed in 1982 after which the Free Democrats promptly switched sides and teamed up with the right-wing Christian Democrats (CDU) under Helmut Kohl. This provided the launch-pad for the most successful political career in post-war German history. Kohl won 4 consecutive polls before his eventual defeat in 1998, but more importantly, he presided over German reunification. This dramatic process began in 1985 with the accession of Mikhail Gorbachev as leader of the Soviet Communist party, and steadily gathered momentum until its climax at the end of 1989 with the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the East German state. The first and the last , free election for a national GDR leadership was held in March 1990. Victory went to the Alliance for Germany coalition led by Lothar de Mazière and firmly backed by Chancellor Kohl and the CDU. The final decision on unification was not, of course, exclusively one for the Germans and agreement of the wartime Allies was required. Washington was enthusiastic, while Paris, London and surprisingly Moscow, were lukewarm but not obstructive. Unified Germany, with nearly 80 million people and twice the GNP of the EU’s next largest member, dominates the Union economically. The first united German government was elected in December 1990. As expected, Chancellor Kohl’s CDU-controlled alliance won a comfortable majority in the Bundestag. The opposition social-democratic SPD was in disarray at this point, awaiting a new leadership generation which would not emerge until the late 1990s. From 1995 onwards, a new leadership under would-be Chancellor Gerhard Schröder emerged to challenge a Kohl government now entering a stale twilight period. The SPD duly won the 1998 general election and, after 17 years as Chancellor and 25 years as party leader, Kohl stood down. Since then he has become embroiled in a number of political scandals which may yet have serious consequences for German politics. Kohl’s successor as CDU leader, Edward Stoiber, was widely expected to win the September 2002 general election. However, with a cleverly worked campaign which drew in part on widespread popular concern about a future Middle East war, Schröder out-manoeuvred the Christian Democrats and held on to power. Schröder has sought to continue Helmut Kohl’s aim of a more activist German foreign policy. Along with French president Jacques Chirac, Schröder has opposed much Anglo-American policy in the Middle East. (Although not a permanent member, Germany currently sits on the UN Security Council). Germany has also been heavily involved in diplomatic and military activities in the Balkans, where it has been allied closely with Croatia. And the Franco-German alliance is still at the heart of the EU and its programmes of expansion, economic and political integration. As elsewhere in Europe, immigration and asylum have become major political issues, Germany hosts the largest number of immigrants of any EU nation, and the debate has coincided with the growth of violent neo-Nazism. |
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GNU Free Documentation License Esso utilizza materiale tratto da http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania Cronologia: http://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Germania&action=history Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.
La Germania (denominazione ufficiale: Repubblica Federale di Germania, in tedesco Bundesrepublik Deutschland) è una delle nazioni più industrializzate del mondo, situata nell'Europa occidentale. A nord confina con la Danimarca ed è bagnata dal Mare del Nord e dal Mar Baltico, ad est confina con la Polonia e la Repubblica Cèca, a sud con Austria e Svizzera, e ad ovest con Francia, Lussemburgo, Belgio e Paesi Bassi. La Germania è uno dei membri fondatori dell'Unione Europea. Partecipa inoltre dal 1985 agli accordi di Schengen. Dal 2002 ha adottato l'euro quale moneta, in sostituzione del marco tedesco.
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Storia
La Repubblica Federale di Germania il 3 ottobre del 1990 ha ricevuto l'adesione dei Länder orientali, già provincie della Repubblica Democratica Tedesca.
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Geografia
La Germania si estende dalle alte montagne delle Alpi (punto più alto: lo Zugspitze a 2.962 m) a sud, fino alle coste del Mare del Nord e del Mar Baltico a nord. Nel mezzo si trovano i territori boscosi della Germania centrale e le terre basse della Germania settentrionale (punto più basso: Neuendorfer/Wilstermarsch a -3,54 m), attraversate da alcuni dei principali fiumi europei: Reno, Danubio ed Elba. Il clima è continentale, con inverni rigidi ed estati caratterizzate da un tempo variabile. Le piogge sono sempre abbondanti.
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Geografia politica
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Suddivisioni amministrative
La Germania è divisa in sedici Bundesländer o stati federali:
I Länder sono poi amministrativamente suddivisi in Kreise (circondari), nel numero complessivo di 438.
A causa delle difficoltà economiche dei Länder orientali è attualmente in avanzata discussione la riunione di alcuni di essi in entità più grandi. Si prevede l'unificazione di Berlino con il Brandeburgo e quella di Amburgo con il Meclenburgo-Pomerania Occidentale e lo Schleswig-Holstein.
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DemografiaPopolazione dal 1961 al 2003
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PopolazioneAll'inizio dell'epoca storica le popolazioni insediate sul territorio della Germania attuale erano di tre stirpi, i Celti relegati nella parte più occidentale del paese, le popolazioni germaniche, originarie della Scandinavia, che si erano espanse verso sud partendo dalle coste baltiche e giungendo nel tempo fino ai confini dell'Impero romano e gli slavi in lenta espansione dall'area baltica. A partire dal V secolo iniziarono le invasioni germaniche nei territori di Roma, Franchi e Alemanni si insediarono nella regione del Reno e nell'Alto Medioevo iniziò l'espansione verso est, i territori slavi furono progressivamente invasi, conquistati e convertiti al cristianesimo. In alcune aree (Pomerania, Slesia) l'invasione fu pacifica e incentivata dai principi slavi. In alcuni territori slavi, come ad esempio in Polonia, rimasero popolazioni tedesche con privilegi particolari, coloni tedeschi si trasferirono anche in Slovacchia e Transilvania. Il movimento di espansione subì un arresto con la guerra dei trent'anni in seguito alla quale vi fu un moto emigratorio verso gli Stati Uniti e verso oriente, in particolare in Prussia. Nel XIX secolo le migliorate condizioni economiche favorirono un progressivo aumento della popolazione, dal 1871 al 1939 di passò da 41 a 69 milioni di abitanti. In particolare l'incremento interessò il valle del Reno, l'area del medio corso dell'Elba, le grandi aree rurali non videro invece sostanziali cambiamenti della popolazione. Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale vi fu una ripresa demografica in parte provocata dal grande numero di profughi proveniente dall'est.
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ImmigrazioneLa Germania è da tempo area di immigrazione, fin da prima della prima guerra mondiale vi si contavano oltre 900.000 lavoratori stranieri. Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale e in particolare intorno agli anni '60 l'espansione dell'economia attirò ondate migratorie dai paesi mediterranei che provocarono frequenti tensioni sociali nei grossi centri urbani. Negli anni '80 e '90 il flusso calò lievemente. Attualmente la Germania ha circa 7,3 milioni di residenti senza cittadinanza, compresi rifugiati e lavoratori stranieri (Gastarbeiter). Circa i due terzi di questi sono nella nazione da più di 8 anni, il 20% è nato in Germania; entrambi i gruppi possono fare richiesta di cittadinanza dopo i recenti cambiamenti alla legge sull'immigrazione. La Germania è tuttora una destinazione preferenziale per i rifugiati politici ed economici di molti paesi in via di sviluppo, ma il numero di persone che vi cercano asilo è diminuito negli ultimi anni, raggiungendo i 50.000 nel 2003. Un'adeguata legge sull'immigrazione sta rimbalzando tra Bundestag e Bundesrat, senza molto successo, da quasi cinque anni.
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Mobilità internaL'immigrazione non interessò solo popolazioni di origine non tedesca, alla fine della seconda guerra mondiale vi fu un forte flusso di popolazione da est, sia dai territori orientali occupati dall'Armata Rossa sia di popolazioni di origine tedesca che da secoli vivevano nei paesi dell'est e che furono espulse. I primi vengono definiti tedeschi "nazionali" mentre i secondo vengono definiti tedeschi "etnici", nel complesso questo fenomeno interessò circa 12 milioni di persone. Le aree di insediamento furono soprattutto la valle del Reno e le regioni che avrebbero poi costituito la Repubblica Democratica Tedesca (DDR, Deutsche Demokratische Republik). Fino alla chiusura dei confini nel 1961 (costruzione del muro di Berlino) vi fu un ulteriore spostamento verso ovest, che riprese in misura minore nei tempi immediatamente antecedenti alla riapertura delle frontiere e alla riunificazione e in misura maggiore immediatamente dopo la riunificazione stessa. Gli intensi investimenti nelle regioni orientali ha invertito la tendenza e provocato un modesto flusso migratorio verso est costituito soprattutto da persone che ritornano alle città di origine.
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EtnieUna minoranza di danesi etnici di circa 50.000 persone vive nello Schleswig, la maggior parte vicino al confine con la Danimarca, a nord; un piccolo numero di genti slave, note come Sorbi, vive negli stati della Sassonia (circa 40.000) e del Brandeburgo (circa 20.000). La lingua frisona, considerata quella tra le lingue vive più vicina all'inglese, è lingua madre per circa 22.000 persone in Germania, le altre vivono nei Paesi Bassi. Nelle aree rurali della Germania settentrionale viene ampiamente usato il Basso Sassone. L'immigrazione ha creato una considerevole minoranza turca (circa 1,9 milioni di Curdi e Turchi), e altre comunità più piccole tra cui italiani (600.000), serbi (600.000), greci (400.000), polacchi (300.000) e croati (200.000) (dati del 2002). I sentimenti xenofobi sono indirizzati principalmente contro il gruppo più grande dei musulmani turchi, che viene percepito come meno integrato nella società tedesca rispetto ad altre minoranze più piccole. Esistono anche un grosso numero di tedeschi etnici immigrati dall'ex Unione Sovietica (1,7 milioni), dalla Polonia (700.000) e dalla Romania (300.000) (totale del periodo 1980–1999), cui viene automaticamente concessa la cittadinanza tedesca, e che quindi non compaiono nelle statistiche dei residenti stranieri; contrarimente agli stranieri questi sono stati insediati dal governo in modo uniforme su tutto il territorio tedesco. Molti di loro a casa parlano la lingua della loro ex nazione di appartenenza. Anche con le menzionate difficoltà, la Germania ha uno dei più alti livelli del mondo per quanto riguarda istruzione, sviluppo tecnologico, e produttività economica. Fin dalla fine della seconda guerra mondiale, il numero di giovani che entrano nell'università è più che triplicato, anche se in termini di frequenza universitaria rimane dietro a molte altre nazioni europee. Nell'annuale classifica delle migliori università, compilata dall'Università di Jiaotong di Shanghai nel 2004, la Germania ha ottenuto un 4° posto complessivo, ma con solo 7 università nei primi 100 posti. L'università meglio posizionata, al 45° posto, è stata l'Università Tecnica di Monaco. Con un reddito pro capite di circa 25.000 dollari, quella tedesca è una società composta principalmente dalla classe media. Un generoso sistema di assistenza pubblica fornisce cure mediche universali (ma non a conduzione statale), sussidi di disoccupazione, e altri bisogni sociali. Al 2004, la pressione economica sta costringendo la Germania a ridurre la spesa sociale e ulteriori limitazioni sono attese in futuro. I tedeschi si spostano di frequente; milioni di essi viaggiano ogni anno, gran parte delle loro destinazioni preferite sono lungo le coste del Mar Mediterraneo. Secondo lo studio sui viaggi della Dresdner Bank, i tedeschi hanno speso 52,5 miliardi di Euro per viaggi all'estero nel 2003, e si stima ne spenderanno 55 nel 2004.
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ReligioniLa religione più diffusa è il protestantesimo luterano (42%), che nacque proprio in Germania; di poco inferiore è il cattolicesimo, che conta un 33% della popolazione. L'ateismo di stato della Germania Est fa sì che anche oggi gli atei siano il 20% della popolazione. Vi sono, inoltre, minoranze di musulmani (3%), ortodossi (1%) e di altri cristiani (1%).
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Economia
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AgricolturaIl clima consente solo alcune coltivazioni, tra cui quella dell'orzo, prodotto utilizzato anche nella produzione della birra, la bevanda nazionale di cui i tedeschi fanno largo consumo.
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Risorse naturaliI settori principali dell'industria tedesca sono l'estrazione del carbone e della lignite, l'industria siderurgica, l'industia chimica, automobilistica e meccanica. Le attività di estrazione del carbone e della lignite hanno permesso la nascita dell'industria e la rinascita postbellica dell'economia tedesca; oggi il settore è stato ridimensionato in seguito a un maggior utilizzo del petrolio e di altre fonti di energia. I giacimenti sono concentrati nella regione della Ruhr. L'industria siderurgica è localizzata non solo in questa area ma anche nei pressi dei porti, come Amburgo, dove arriva il ferro importato dall'estero. Anche nell'industria chimica la Germania detiene il primato europeo. La chimica tedesca è specializzata sia nella produzione di sostanze di base e nella petrolchimica sia nella produzione di sostanze chimiche più raffinate, come quelle farmaceutiche.
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IndustriaL'industria automobilistica tedesca è al terzo posto nel mondo, dopo Stati Uniti e Giappone; oltre alle case tedesche, Daimler-Benz, Volkswagen e BMW, vi sono anche importanti stabilimenti di due colossi americani: Opel, di proprietà della General Motors, e Ford. L'industria meccanica pur senza comprendere il settore automobilistico, è la più importante: la gamma delle sue produzioni spazia dalle macchine utensili all'elettronica, agli strumenti di precisione.
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CulturaLa Germania divenne, a partire dalla caduta dell'impero Romano d'Occidente, centrale nella scena storica, politica e culturale dell'Europa. Nell'Alto Medioevo città come Spira, Magonza e Bamberga videro la costruzione di superbe cattedrali romaniche mentre il gotico tardò ad affermarsi in Germania. Durante il Rinascimento artisti come Dürer e Grünewald si fecero notare nella scena europea anche se l'epicentro culturale in quel periodo rimaneva l'Italia. Ma fu in particolar modo nei secoli XVIII e XIX che la Germania divenne un polo culturale senza eguali vedendo la nascita di diverse correnti aristiche e letterarie come il romanticismo e lo Sturm und Drang ma anche il periodo dell'attività di filosofi come Kant e Nietzsche. Gli anni delle due guerre mondiali furono gli anni della perdita di capolavori artistici come la città di Dresda, Florenz an der Elbe cioè la Firenze sull'Elba, che venne completamente distrutta dalla RAF. Tuttavia dopo la fine della seconda guerra mondiale, la Germania si riprese con grande sforzo economico e sacrificio della popolazione, diventando nuovamente un polo di attrazione culturale di primo piano e all'avanguardia. La produzione letteraria tedesca è stata così feconda che a partire dall'invenzione della stampa di Gutenberg risulta difficile farne un sommario breve. Il motto nazionale (in tedesco): Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit L'inno nazionale è la terza strofa di Das Lied der Deutschen
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Arti
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MusicaLa Germania è abbastanza nota per aver dato i natali a Marlene Dietrich, famosa cantautrice del periodo post-bellico. Oltre a questo, durante gli anni '70 la Germania era teatro di numerose formazioni hard & heavy come gli Scorpions ma anche di artisti d'avanguardia elettronica e del cosiddetto kraut rock (fra i vari nomi Neu!, Kraan, Klaus Schulze). Durante gli anni '80 sono venute a costituirsi molte realtà, come la techno tedesca, il power metal (molto famosi sono i Blind Guardian e gli Helloween) e l'industrial elettronico (dove il nome più famoso sono gli Einstürzende Neubauten). Questi generi ebbero notevoli sviluppi negli anni '90, in cui fecero la loro comparsa altri gruppi più mainstream che seppero ottenere ampi consensi in tutto il mondo, anche più di molte altre band del decennio precedente. Sono assolutamente noti per esempio gli industrial rockers (o metallers, ma non tutti sono d'accordo) Rammstein. Sono presenti anche scene più ristrette di dark rock, folk acustico, elettronica sperimentale e hardcore (molto noti sono gli Atari Teenage Riot che riuscivano a combinare l'hardcore punk con l'hardcore elettronico, generi di cui spesso si dice che siano totalmente distanti nonostante il nome). Un gruppo curioso sono gli Haggard, che uniscono un metal rude e potente ad ampie orchestrazioni di strumenti classici, con anche duetti fra voci maschili e femminili in rigorose tonalità liriche (ma anche ruggite, retaggio ereditato dal folk metal nordico).
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Voci correlate
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Collegamenti esterni
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__________________Thanks to Hotels, Bed and Breakfast and all Accomodations in Germany **Feste
del vino, della vendemmia e del mosto Le Tradizioni e le Usanze
Per quanto concerne i tipi di vitigni usati: il Riesling risulta il più utilizzato , poi c'è il Silvaner, il Müller Thurgau, il Kerner, lo Scheurebe, il Ruländer, il Blauer Spätburgunder, il Blaue Portugieser e il Trollinger. Su ogni vino si possono trovare diversi tipi di indicazioni come segue: Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Trockenbeeren-auslese o Eiswein. Ricordiamo il famosissimo Riesling, il Silvaner e il Traminer, mentre i più rinomati tra i vini rossi sono il Trollinger ed il Portugieser. 13 Sono le zone viticole:le più note sono quelle attorno al Reno e alla Mosella, ma anche in Franconia o nel Württemberg o nella zona dell'Elba e Sassonia, da non dimenticare le viti sulla riva nord del lago di Costanza. Un decreto che risale ai tempi di Carlo Magno ('800 d.C.) autorizza i produttori a vendere un certo quantitativo di prodotto e, che il locale non può avere più di 14 posti, quando questa quantuità di vino è terminata si deve chiudere l'Osteria; Questo tipo di locale prende il nome di "Besenwirtschaften" o "Strausswirtschaften" rispettivamente rappresentati da una scopa e da una corona. La Birra Sono cinque mila le Birre prodotte tra Saarbrücken e Francoforte sull'Oder. Al Nord la "chiara Pils", a moderato tenore di luppolo. A Düsseldorf e nel Basso Reno la "Alt" dal colore ambrato e dalla freschezza asprigna, mentre a Colonia si beve preferibilmente la "Kölsch", dal colore giallo chiaro e dal marcato sapore di luppolo. Più a sud domina la "Chiara", che fa sentire marcatamente il malto, o la "Lagerbier", birra di conserva. Sempre nel Sud si gusta la "Weißbier", bianca , e la "Weizen", di frumento. Nei nuovi Länder federali, Turingia e Sassonia, ma anche in Meclemburgo-Pomerania Anteriore, viene prodotta la birra scura. Nelle vicinanze di Monaco, a Freising, troviamo la Weihenstephan, la più antica fabbrica di birra del mondo. Ma vengono piacevolmente gustate sia la "birra forte" Doppelbock, sia la leggera e chiara "Berliner Weisse". Chi poi vuole gustare qualcosa di molto forte, può provare una "Redler", birra con gassosa, oppure la "Alsterwasser", un cocktail fifty-fifty di birra e limonata gassata. In Germania esistono delle locande in zone rurali dove è possibile pernottare: sono le Private Brauereigasthöfe. Per ulteriori informazioni e prenotazioni è possibile consultare il sito internet www.braugasthoefe.com dove si trovano gli indirizzi delle birrerie che offrono questo servizio.
Baviera tradizioni regionali Il piatto più popolare è l'"Haxen", un pezzo di cosciotto di maiale o vitello con i famosi "Knödel", specie di gnocchi di patate o di pane che vengono conditi con il sugo di cottura della carne. Popolari sono le salsicce bianche di Baviera, a base di carne di vitello, mentre nella parte ovest della regione gli estimatori di formaggi ne troveranno un'ampia selezione. Il tutto viene accompagnato dalla birra, il cui gusto varia con il periodo dell'anno in cui viene prodotta.. Rinomati i dolci, dal goloso "Schmarrn" ricco di uvetta e marmellata di frutti di bosco ai tipici "Strudel" e alle frittelle a base di mele. Nella Franconia e nell'Algovia i "Knödel" vengono sostituiti dagli "Spätzle", più piccoli e di forma allungata. Famose le salsicce fritte di Norimberga accompagnate dalla birra aromatica, o quelle affumicate della zona di Bamberga. A nord ovest di Norimberga il vino prende il sopravvento sulla birra: il vino delle caratteristiche bottiglie panciute, chiamate "Bocksbeutel", viene venduto per tradizione nelle panetterie assieme a dell'ottimo pane e pesciolini fritti. Berlino - tradizioni regionali Berlino ha numerose specialità culinarie: "Eisbein", pezzi di maiale bolliti o in salamoia serviti con crauti, salsicce o polpette bollite e gli ottimi e poco cari Krapfen. Popolare in tutta la Germania ormai il "Weisse mit Schuss" una birra leggera da bere con un bicchierino di sciroppo di lampone, eccellente bevanda estiva. La foresta della Sprea nel Brandeburgo fornisce la materia prima per la cucina: le verdure e le erbe. Famosi sono gli "Spreewälder Gurken", cetrioli messi in salamoia nei barili o consumati freschi al mercato di Lübbenau. Altro piatto particolare è lo stufato di carne, il "Bandenburgischer Rindfleischtopf", cucinato assieme a verdure. "Leichter Landwein": è una grappa di grano. Con lo stufato andrà servito invece uno dei vini che si producono nella regione dell'Havelland. Alloggiare Agriturismo Molto diffuso soprattutto nelle zone di campagna della Baviera e del Baden-Württemberg. Per informazioni cliccare sul sito www.bauernhofurlaub.com contattare la centrale di prenotazione: tel. 0049-5132-825595 Per ulteriori informazioni (in lingua inglese): www.germany-tourism.de/e/2412.html Alberghi e pensioni Sono classificati in base alle stelle (da * a *****) con un rapporto qualità/prezzo che corrisponde agli standard europei. La prenotazione può essere effettuata tramite le agenzie di viaggio, tramite gli uffici del turismo locali o direttamente presso gli alberghi. Per ulteriori informazioni: Appartamenti di vacanze Affitto di appartamenti per brevi periodi in zone turistiche. Per informazioni cliccare sul sito www.interhome.it La prenotazione puo' essere effettuata tramite le agenzie di viaggio, telefonando al numero tel. 02-4839141 o mandando un fax al numero 02-48391450. Appartamenti privati Tramite Mitwohnzentrale è possibile affittare appartamenti ad uso esclusivo o in condivisione per periodi medio lunghi. Le sistemazioni proposte vanno dal semplice posto letto per studenti all'appartamento di lusso per manage. Per maggiori informazioni telefonare al numero 0049 + prefisso della città desiderata (ad es Monaco 89; Berlino 30; Francoforte 69) + 19430 (nr. fisso) Bed & Breakfast Servizi di affittacamere presso abitazioni private, dalla semplice camera per studenti agli appartamenti lussuosamente arredati. La prenotazione può avvenire direttamente presso i proprietari o tramite gli uffici del turismo locali. La centrale di prenotazione per tutta la germania si trova ad Amburgo ai numeri 0049-40-4915666 o al fax 0049-40-4914212; per informazioni cliccare sul sito www.bed-and-breakfast.de Birrerie-albergo Locande situate in zone rurali con annessa fabbrica di "birra" che offrono vitto e alloggio in ambienti assai caratteristici e con cucina tradizionale. Prenotazioni direttamente presso le singole strutture o è possibile cliccare sul sito internet www.braugasthoefe.com dove si trovano gli indirizzi delle birrerie. La brochure è disponibile presso l'Ente Nazionale Germanico per il Turismo. Alloggiare in Rocche e Castelli Rocche, castelli e antiche dimore signorili trasformati in alberghi di lusso. Per informazioni: www.gast-im-schloss.de Per prenotare rivolgersi direttamente alle strutture; indirizzi e links reperibili in internet. Campeggi "2500 campeggi", alcuni aperti anche in inverno, sono a disposizione degli amanti di tenda, camper e roulotte. Il campeggio libero è severamente vietato. Nelle zone di campagna è possibile campeggiare su prati di proprietà privata dopo aver preso accordi con il proprietario. Per i camper esistono piazzole attrezzate e non attrezzate ma sempre segnalate. Per prenotare rivolgersi direttamente ai campeggi. Gli indirizzi sono reperibili nelle guide internazionali o tramite gli uffici del turismo locali. In Germania si può acquistare la guida ai campeggi dell'ADAC (Automobil Club Tedesco). Ostelli della gioventù Sono collocati in castelli o edifici storici di grande bellezza. Non esistono limiti di età, tranne che in Baviera dove sono ammessi solo giovani fino ai 26 anni d'età. Alcuni ostelli sono stati ricavati in antiche rocche e castelli. Per informazioni cliccare sul sito www.iyhf.org (internazionale) o www.djh.de (solo ostelli tedeschi). Gli ostelli della Germania sono prenotabili anche tramite l'AGI (Associazione Italiana Alberghi per la Gioventù): tel. 06-4871152 fax 06-4880492. Le strutture più piccole vanno contattate direttamente. Stazioni termali e di cura Per ulteriori informazioni (in lingua inglese) sulle varie modalità di alloggio: www.germany-tourism.de/e/1592.html Formalità di ingresso Valgono le condizioni dell'Unione Europea. In ingresso dall'Austria e dalla Francia non viene più effettuato alcun controllo. E' comunque obbligatorio portare con sé un documento di identità personale (passaporto o carta d'identità). I principali istituti di credito sono aperti nei giorni feriali dalle ore 8.30 alle ore 16.30 con orario continuato (giovedì fino alle 17.30). Chiusi sabato e domenica. Gli sportelli di cambio valute presenti negli aeroporti e nelle principali stazioni ferroviarie sono in generale aperti tutti i giorni dalle 6.00 alle 22.00. Nei giorni feriali dalle 8.00 alle 18.00. Sabato 8.00-12.00. Domenica chiuso Nelle stazioni ferroviarie principali e negli aeroporti gli orari di apertura sono prolungati e spesso gli uffici postali sono aperti anche di domenica. I prefissi da comporre sono i seguenti: *da Italia per Germania: 0049 + prefisso locale senza lo 0 + nr abbonato *dalla Germania per l'Italia: 0039 + prefisso locale con lo 0 + nr abbonato Numerose sono le cabine telefoniche sia a moneta sia con carte telefoniche, acquistabili negli uffici postali in tagli da € 5,00 e € 10,00. Tutto il territorio è inoltre assai ben raggiungibile con cellulari GSM. Vale lo stesso fuso orario italiano anche in periodo di ora legale. In Germania predomina un clima temperato. La media invernale è di 0° mentre la temperatura estiva oscilla tra i 15-28°. In estate è consigliabile un abbigliamento "a strati" in quanto il tempo può variare sensibilmente nell’arco della stessa giornata. Fuso orario Vale lo stesso fuso orario italiano (Greenwich + 1 hr) anche in periodo di ora legale. Formalità di'ingresso La Germania partecipa al patto di "Schengen" ; pertanto nessuna formalità d’ingresso è prevista per i cittadini UE. Tuttavia è sempre consigliabile avere con sé un documento di identificazione personale. Collegamenti aeroportuali Tutti gli aeroporti tedeschi sono ben collegati alla rete di trasporti urbani delle città di appartenenza. In parte dispongono inoltre di un servizio supplementare di collegamento (pullman o passante ferroviario). L’aeroporto di Francoforte sul Meno, con i suoi circa 40 milioni di passeggeri l’anno, è il piú grande della Germania. E’ collegato con il centro città da un passante ferroviario (S-Bahn) in partenza dalla stazione sottostante il terminal 1 e connesso alla rete ferroviaria ICE, EC ed IC grazie al Fernbahnhof, la nuova stazione situata di fronte all’edificio aeroportuale. Da qui è possibile raggiungere in treno, direttamente, 23 città tedesche tra le quali Coblenza, Colonia, Dortmund, Würzburg, Norimberga, Monaco. Altri treni IC partono dalla stazione centrale di Francoforte raggiungibile dall’aeroporto in soli 10 minuti con il passante ferroviario (S-Bahn). Soccorso stradale Le pattuglie di sorveglianza dell’ADAC (Automobil-Club Tedesca) percorrono regolarmente autostrade e le principali strade statali. In tutta la Germania è attivo il servizio di soccorso stradale dell’ADAC (tel 0180-2.222.222). In caso di panne sull’autostrada è possibile contattare il soccorso autostradale tramite le apposite colonnine poste ai lati della carreggiata; l’intervento è gratuito qualora effettuato con i mezzi propri dell’ADAC; in caso contrario andranno rimborsati i costi effettivi sostenuti. L’ADAC offre inoltre il servizio di ricerca viaggiatori: in casi di emergenza è possibile rintracciare tramite radio i turisti in viaggio con la propria auto sulla rete stradale tedesca. I familiari in Italia possono richiederlo al numero 02-661591 (ADAC Milano). Per informazioni generali – in tedesco e inglese – sulla percorribilità delle strade ed eventuali lavori in corso si può contattare il numero dell’ADAC: 0049-1805-101112 (dall’Italia solo tramite il gestore Telecom); 01805-101112 (dalla Germania), al costo di 0,123 Euro/min. (per chiamate da telefoni fissi tedeschi) oppure il numero verde: 800-322322; Internet: www.adacitalia.it; E-mail: notruf@adacitalia.it Benzina In Germania è in commercio esclusivamente la benzina verde. Il costo indicativo al momento della stampa è di € 1,05 per la verde e € 0,85 per il diesel. Banche/Valuta I principi istituti di credito sono aperti nei giorni feriali dalle ore 8.30 alle ore 16.30 con orario continuato (giovedì fino alle 17.30). Chiusi sabato e domenica. Numerosi sono gli sportelli di prelievo automatico 24 ore su 24 con carte di credito internazionali ed Eurocard (EC), che vengono inoltre accettate pressoché ovunque come mezzo di pagamento. La moneta corrente in Germania é l’Euro. Uffici postali Nei giorni feriali dalle 8.00 alle 18.00. Sabato 8.00-12.00. Domenica chiusi. Nelle stazioni ferroviarie principali e negli aeroporti gli orari di apertura sono prolungati e spesso gli uffici postali sono aperti anche di domenica. Francobolli, per l’Europa: cartolina € 0,45 - lettera fino a 20 gr. € 0,55. Telefono I prefissi da comporre sono i seguenti: Dall’Italia per la Germania: 0049 + prefisso locale senza lo 0 + n.abbonato Dalla Germania per I’Italia: 0039 + prefisso locale con lo 0 + n.abbonato Numerose sono le cabine telefoniche sia a moneta che con carte telefoniche, acquistabili negli uffici postali in tagli da 5 e 10 €. Tutto il territorio è inoltre assai ben raggiungibile con cellulari GSM. Festività Capodanno 1 gennaio Epifania* 6 gennaio Venerdì santo 18 aprile Pasqua 20 aprile Lunedì dell'Angelo 21 aprile Festa del Lavoro 1 maggio Ascensione 29 maggio Pentecoste 8 giugno Lunedì di Pentecoste 9 giugno Corpus Domini* 19 giugno Ascensione di Maria* 15 agosto Giorno dell'Unità tedesca 3 ottobre Giorno della Riforma* 31 ottobre Tutti i santi* 1 novembre S.S. Pietro e Paolo* 19 novembre Natale 25 dicembre S. Stefano 26 dicembre Comunicazione obbligatoria ai sensi dell’art. 16 della legge 3 agosto 1998 n. 269/98 - La legge italiana punisce con la pena della reclusione i reati inerenti alla prostituzione o alla pornografia minorile, anche se gli stessi sono commessi all’estero. CAMPI DI VOLONTARIATO INTERNAZIONALE Soggiorni minimi di tre settimane durante le queli si effettuano attività socialmente utili (animazioni bambini, recupero aree naturali, sorveglianza del patrimonio forestale, ristrutturazioni di edifici ad uso sociale). Prenotazione tramite le organizzazioni: Legambiente tel. 06-862681 Lunaria tel. 06-8841880 SCAMBI CULTURALI Soggiorni presso famiglie tedesche a pagamento; scambi culturali tra associazioni sportive, musicali o professionali; corsi di lingua; visite tecniche ad aziende. (Organisation für Internationale Kontakte) SOGGIORNI ALLA PARI Soggiorni presso famiglie tedesche durante i quali l'ospite collabora come baby sitter o aiuto familiare, in cambio di vitto, alloggio e una piccola somma mensile Mundo Universalis: Tel. 0049 8809 1203 Fax 0049 8809 1228 Verein für Internationale Jugendarbeit: Tel. 0049-228-690257 Fax 0049-228-698925 Ulteriori informazioni Per ulteriori informazioni (in lingua inglese): www.germany-tourism.de/e/1496.html Studiare in Germania Dove apprendere la lingua Le possibilità di effettuare un ciclo di studi in Germania sono assai numerose. Il Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) è l'organismo governativo che si occupa di promuovere e diffondere sia i tradizionali corsi di lingua tedesca (a tutti i livelli, dai principianti ai corsi di specializzazione linguistica) sia le varie possibilità per stranieri di frequentare uno o più semestri presso scuole ed università tedesche. A questo scopo pubblica ogni anno alcuni opuscoli assai esaurienti e precisamente: Sommerkurse in Deutschland (informazioni sui corsi di lingua e di specializzazione linguistica, non solo estivi ma durante tutto l'anno). Living and studying in Germany (informazioni per l'accesso alle scuole superiori per studenti stranieri). Studying in Germany (informazioni per stranieri sui corsi universitari). Informazioni Per ricevere i suddetti opuscoli basta inoltrare una richiesta scritta a: DAAD Tel. 0049-228-8820 Fax: 0049-228-882444 Le informazioni sono inoltre reperibili in internet al sito: Istituti privati che organizzano corsi di lingua tedesca CITTÁ ISTITUTO INTERNET TELEFONO FAX varie città Goethe-Institut www.goethe.de/it 02-7769171 02-76009186 varie città Deutsch-Institut www.deutsch.it www.did.de 02-86453528 0049 6027 417714 02-72010970 0049 6027 417741 varie località Humboldt-Institut www.humboldt-institut.de 0049-7522- 9880 0049-7522- 988988 Augusta Sprachforum GmbH www.sprachforum.augsburg.de 0049-821- 591804 0049-821- 581432 Colonia, Berlino, Monaco, Radolfzell, Saarbrücken Carl Duisberg Centren www.cdc.de 0049-221- 1626266 0049-221- 1626256 Berlino GLS Sprachzentrum www.german-courses.com 0049-30- 78008915 0049-30- 7874192 Bonn - Bad Godesberg OIK - Organisation für Internationale Kontakte www.oik.org 0049-228- 820870 0049-228- 364368 Friburgo LGS Sprachschule International House www.ihfreiburg.de 0049-761- 34751 0049-761- 382476 Friburgo Sprachforum Kramer www.auf-auf.de 0049-761- 30340 0049-761- 30325 Il tedesco in Italia Sono numerose le scuole di lingue che operano in Italia. Per il tedesco, comunque, è in primo piano il Goethe Institut, in quanto rappresentante ufficiale e la tutela della lingua e della cultura tedesca nel mondo. I corsi di tedesco sono articolati in tre livelli (base, medio e superiore) alla fine dei quali viene rilasciato un diploma. Dopo un ciclo di tre anni, superato l'esame, si riceve un certificato che permette di accedere alle scuole di tedesco in Germania. Il Goethe Institut opera in Italia dal 1951 ed è presente con sette sedi, di cui riportiamo i recapiti telefonici e per maggiori informazioni potete cliccare sul sito: www.goethe.de/it GENOVA Tel. 010-839071 Fax 010-8398810 E-mail: gegoetp@ge.itline.it MILANO Tel. 02-7769171 Fax 02-76009186 E-mail: goethe.mailand.pv@agora.stm.it NAPOLI Tel. /Fax 081-411923 E-mail: ls@neapel.goethe.org PALERMO Tel. 091-6528686 Fax 091-6528676 E-mail: goethepro@neomedia.it ROMA Tel. 06-8440051 Fax 06-8411628 E-mail: rs@rom.goethe.org TORINO Tel. 011-5628810 Fax 011-539549 E-mail: il@turin.goethe.org TRIESTE Tel. 040-635763 Fax 040-366309 E-mail: goethets@spin.it Anche il Deutsch-Institut organizza in Italia corsi di tedesco su vari livelli. Per informazioni: tel. 02-86453528, fax 02-72010970. Gli indirizzi e i contatti telefonici possono essere richiesti all' "Ente Nazionale Germanico per il Turismo. Banche sono aperte dal lunedì al venerdì dalle 8.30 alle 13.00 e dalle 14.30 alle 16.00. Ha una superficie di 357.000 Kmq e una densità di 229 abitanti per Kmq. Massima estensione: NORD-SUD 876 Km, EST-OVEST 640 Km. Montagna più alta: Zugspitze, 2.962 m. Fiumi e canali navigabili Cinque grandi fiumi e numerosi canali solcano la Germania. I fiumi sono in gran parte navigabili. I più importanti sono: il Reno e i suoi affluenti Mosella, Main e Neckar, il Danubio, il Weser, l'Elba, l'Oder *******Eventi in Germania******* Questa sezione offre una vetrina aggiornatissima e ricchissima dei principali eventi, manifestazioni, festival, mostre, eventi sportivi organizzati in Germania, con approfondimenti e link utili per ulteriori dettagli e approfondimenti. Per ulteriori informazioni: Pubblico e operatori del settore Germania Turismo C.P. 10009 – 20110 MILANO ISOLA Tel. 02 8474.4444 - Fax 02 2820807 Stampa Germania Turismo – Servizio Stampa Viale Brianza, 33 – 20127 MILANO Tel. 02 6694.202/345 – Fax 02 6694639 e-mail:: press@centrodelturismo.it Stagione della birra forte Stagione della birra forte - Monaco La tradizionale mescita della birra forte inizia ogni anno dopo il carnevale e risale all’abitudine dei monaci di produrre una birra particolarmente sostanziosa per rinvigorire il corpo durante il periodo del digiuno. Degustazioni e festeggiamenti con gruppi in costume nelle birrerie cittadine, in particolare Löwenbräukeller e Paulanerkeller. Monaco 27.02-04.04.2004 Informazioni: Fremdenverkehrsamt Tel. 0049 89 2330300 Fax 0049 89 23330233 Feste del vino, della vendemmia e del mosto Feste del vino, della vendemmia e del mosto Ricordiamo il famosissimo Riesling, il Silvaner, il Müller-Thurgau, il Ruländer ed il Traminer tra i bianchi, mentre i più rinomati tra i rossi sono lo Spätburgunder, il Trollinger ed il Portugieser. Questa considerevole varietà di vitigni è coltivata in tredici regioni specifiche, ognuna con la sua tradizione enologica con una festa, un mercato, una fiera o una rassegna eno-gastronomica. A ravvivare la già allegra atmosfera: musica, danze e l'elezione della reginetta del vino. Ecco una selezione di manifestazioni: Treviri, Festival del vino e dei gourmet 16.04-16.05.2004 Würzburg, "Weindorf" 28.05-06.06.2004 Friburgo, "Weinfest" 01-06.07.2004 Norimberga, "Weinfest" 02-11.07.2004 Würzburg, "Weinparade am Dom" 23.07-01.08.2004 Deidesheim, "Weinkerwe" 06-10 e 13-17.08.2004 Wiesbaden, "Rheingauer Weinwoche" 13-22.08.2004 Aquisgrana, "Winzerfest" 19-22.08.2004 Rüdesheim, "Weinfest" 20-23.08.2004 Stoccarda, "Weindorf" 25.08-05.09.2004 Treviri, Gala dello spumante 27-29.08.2004 Bad Dürkheim, "Wurstmarkt" 10-14 e 17-20.09.2004 Neustadt/Weinstrasse, "Weinlesefest"01-11.10.2004 Treviri, "Weinforum" 05-07.11.2004
All’aeroporto con la vostra auto. Carnevale delle culture Carnevale delle culture - Berlino In quanto città con il maggior numero di stranieri in Germania, Berlino si è assunta il compito di promuovere il dialogo e l’integrazione tra nazionalità, culture e religioni diverse. Questa festa dà modo a tutti di esprimere la propria identità con musiche, danze, cortei in maschera, esibizioni teatrali e folcloristiche. Berlino 28-31 maggio 2004 Informazioni: Karnevalbüro Tel. 0049 30 609770.0/22 Fax 0049 30 609770.13 Settimana della birra Settimana della birra – Kulmbach (Baviera) Birra per tutti i gusti, musica e divertimento a Kulmbach, città nota per le sue birrerie e dove si trova anche un Museo della birra. Kulmbach 10 gg. dall'ultimo sabato di luglio in poi Informazioni: Tourist Service Tel. 0049 9221 95880 Fax 0049 9221 958844 "Oktoberfest" Tutti i link dei siti riguardanti "Oktoberfest" - Monaco Il 18 settembre 2004, il sindaco di Monaco inaugurerà la festa della birra più famosa del mondo spillando la prima botte. Per più di due settimane visitatori provenienti da ogni Paese affolleranno il "Wiesn", la grande spianata creata nel 1810 per festeggiare le nozze del principe ereditario Ludwig, che divenne in seguito re Ludwig I, con la principessa Teresa di Sachsen-Hildburghausen. Ci saranno giostre, attrazioni vecchie e nuove, e i tendoni delle birrerie Löwenbräu, Augustinerbräu, Hackerbräu, Paulanerbrauerei, Spatenbräu, Hofbräuhaus e altre, dove si potranno gustare anche i piatti tipici bavaresi. Non mancherà il corteo delle birrerie e quello in costume. Monaco, Theresienwiese 18.09–03.10.2004 Informazioni: Fremdenverkehrsamt Tel. 0049 89 2330300 Fax 0049 89 23330233 I mercatini di Natale Stagione della birra forte"Dom", festa popolareFeste del vino, della vendemmia e del mosto"Maidult", la sagra di maggioNotte di ValpurgaParata delle navi a vapore Il Reno in fiamme Gli allegri musicanti di Brema Anniversario del porto"Honky Tonk" Competizione internazionale di fuochi d'artificio Il pifferaio magico I 600 anni del Roland Carnevale delle culture"Wave Gotik" "Festa internazionale della birra"Musikfest am Ring" I mercatini di Natale Una delle tradizioni piú antiche della Germania, e forse la piú conosciuta, si rinnova ogni anno a partire dal primo fine settimana dell’Avvento e per le quattro settimane successive. Si tratta dei suggestivi e caratteristici mercatini di Natale che quasi tutte le città tedesche, le piccole come le grandi, allestiscono per la gioia di adulti e bambini. Un’atmosfera magica avvolge i centri storici con concerti e cori natalizi, giostre, enormi alberi di Natale, bancarelle decorate ricolme di dolci tipici, di addobbi e di oggetti di artigianato artistico. Un incanto di luci, suoni e profumi. In moltissime città dal primo fine settimana dell'Avvento alla vigilia di Natale. Mercato europeo dell’artigianato artistico Mercato europeo dell'artigianato artistico – Aquisgrana Per due giorni, attorno al duomo e al municipio, oltre 350 artigiani provenienti da tutta Europa espongono le loro creazioni e mostrano la loro arte. Aquisgrana 04-05 settembre 2004 Informazioni: Aachen Tourist Information Tel. 0049 241 1802960/61 Fax 0049 241 1802930 "Freimarkt", festa popolare "Freimarkt", festa popolare - Brema Dal 1035, Brema festeggia l'acquisizione del diritto a tenere pubblico mercato. Il Bremer Freimarkt, la grandissima festa popolare della Germania settentrionale, ha quindi origini antiche, ma si è adattata egregiamente al mondo moderno. Musica, giostre, attrazioni, bancarelle, specialità culinarie caratterizzano l’evento che si tiene ogni anno sulla Bürgerweide e sulla storica piazza Marktplatz. Brema 15–31 ottobre 2004 Informazioni: Bremer Touristik Zentrale Tel. 0049 1805 101030 Fax 0049 421 3080030 *********Rievocazioni Storiche ******* Tornei cavallereschi Tornei cavallereschi a Burg Satzvey/Mechernich (Nordreno-Westfalia) Il favoloso castello sull'acqua Burg Satzvey celebra la sua antica storia, risalente al XIV secolo, con spettacolari tornei, giostre di cavalieri e cavalcate nel fuoco del periodo medievale e rinascimentale. Una girandola di emozioni che trasporterà gli spettatori in un lontano e stupefacente passato. E inoltre: giocolieri, saltimbanchi, un mercato con oggetti d’'artigianato e tante specialità culinarie. Burg Satzvey 29-31.05, 05-06.06, 28-29.08, 04-05/11-12.09.2004 Informazioni: Burg Satzvey Tel. 0049 2256 95830 Fax 0049 2256 958377 Le nozze di Lutero Le nozze di Lutero - Wittenberg (Sassonia-Anhalt) Per tre giorni la città rivive il passato con un mercato medievale dell'artigianato, giochi per i bambini, rappresentazioni teatrali, concerti, antiche danze popolari, esibizioni di giocolieri, saltimbanchi, prestigiatori e molto altro. Wittenberg 11-13 giugno 2004 Informazioni: Wittenberg Information Tel. 0049 3491 498610 Fax 0049 3491 498611 "Drachenstich" "Drachenstich" – Furth im Wald (Baviera) L'antica cittadina di Furth im Wald, al confine con la Boemia, inscena da ben 500 anni il cosiddetto "Drachenstich" (Uccisione del drago), lo spettacolo popolare piú antico della Germania, in parte rievocazione storica e in parte grande festa, che coinvolge 1400 persone, circa 200 cavalli e diversi gruppi musicali e si compone di un corteo storico, giostre cavalleresche, una festa per i bambini e, naturalmente, l'uccisione del drago. Il drago rappresenta il male, ossia la guerra che infuriò per anni in questa zona a seguito della condanna al rogo, da parte del Concilio di Costanza, nel 1415, del riformatore boemo Jan Hus, e della conseguente discesa in Baviera dei suoi seguaci, gli Hussiti, che sconfissero piú volte l’esercito tedesco mettendo a ferro e fuoco la cittadina e terrorizzando la popolazione. Furth im Wald 06–16 agosto 2004 Informazioni: Tourist Information Tel. 0049 9973 50970 Fax 0049 9973 50985 "Kinderzeche" "Kinderzeche" – Dinkelsbühl (Baviera) Ogni anno a metà luglio la storia del borgo medievale di Dinkelsbühl torna a rivivere: viuzze e angoli idillici formano uno scenario magico per la "Kinderzeche", lo spettacolo storico che rievoca un episodio della guerra dei Trent'anni. Dinkelsbühl, pittoresca cittadina sul percorso della Strada Romantica, è ancora cinta dalle antiche mura con 16 torri e 4 porte. Dinkelsbühl 16-25 luglio 2004 Informazioni: Touristik Service Dinkelsbühl Tel. 0049 9851 90240 Fax 0049 9851 552619 ***********Cultura********* Dalla classica al jazz, tanti luoghi dove ascoltarla. La Germania non è soltanto la patria di grandi compositori e interpreti, ma anche uno dei luoghi d’elezione per ascoltare il meglio di quanto offre il calendario musicale: stagioni operistiche in teatri di fama mondiale, concerti di orchestre prestigiose e grandi solisti, palcoscenici consacrati ai musical, festival di ogni tipo ed eventi musicali che spaziano dal jazz al rock. Molti appuntamenti musicali sono concentrati in città comodamente raggiungibili dall’Italia con la formula volo + albergo. Una posizione di riguardo spetta a Berlino, il cui auditorium della Filarmonica è famoso in tutto il mondo per la sua acustica. La capitale possiede ben tre teatri lirici, tutti d’alto livello, e ottime sale concerti come la Konzerthaus, mentre d’estate propone un festival di musica classica nei castelli della città. Per chi ama generi più leggeri ci sono musical di successo come "Cats" e "Les Misérables" e gli scintillanti varietà musicali in stile primo Novecento del Friedrichstadtpalast. Anche Amburgo vanta ottime produzioni di musical, tra cui il recente "Mamma mia" e il disneyano "Re Leone", ed ha tra le sue attrazioni la casa dove visse Brahms. Poco più a est, Rostock a metà giugno ospita invece il seguitissimo Festival jazz del Mar Baltico. Dresda è tra le stelle più brillanti del firmamento musicale tedesco.A maggio, dopo il Festival del Dixieland, il capoluogo sassone inaugura l’annuale ciclo di concerti estivi nello Zwinger, mentre la vicina Lipsia, sede della famosa Gewandhausorchester, rinnova con la Festa di Bach il tradizionale omaggio al compositore che trascorse qui molti anni della sua vita. Colonia e Düsseldorf sono il perno dell’attività musicale nel nordovest della Germania, con appuntamenti importanti come la RuhrTriennale, il raffinato Festival del jazz di Moers o la Ringfest, megaraduno rock da oltre due milioni di partecipanti. Francoforte a sua volta propone l’ormai storico Festival Tedesco del Jazz. Proposte musicali della Germania meridionale. Stoccarda gode di solida fama nel mondo dei musical, ma è soprattutto sede della prestigiosa Staatsoper. E infine Monaco, apprezzata per gli ottimi spettacoli della Bayerische Staatsoper e cuore dell’universo musicale bavarese, di cui sono testimoni tanto il Festival wagneriano di Bayreuth in agosto quanto i concerti nella residenza vescovile di Würzburg o il musical con il quale Füssen celebra Ludwig di Baviera. Week end musicale a Berlino Quote individuali a partire da € 750,00. Volo da Milano più 2 pernottamenti in camera doppia hotel ****. Biglietto d'ingresso a teatro e trasferimento aeroporto-hotel-aeroporto compresi. Castelli del Reno LOCALITA' ORARIO DI APERTURA PREZZO D'ENTRATA COMMENTI CASTELLO DI MARKSBURG 56338 Braubach tel. +49 (2627) 206 fax+49 (2627) 8866 10.00-17.00 (da Pasqua al 31 ottobre) 11.00-16.00 (da novembre fino a Pasqua) 4,50 Euro gruppi: 4,00 Euro famiglie: 12,50 Euro studenti: 4,00 Euro studenti in gruppo: 3,50 Euro bambini: 3,50 Euro L'unico castello nella Valle del Reno che è rimasto completamente intatto. CASTELLO DI RHEINFELS 56329 St. Goar tel. +49 (6741) 383 fax +49 (6741) 7209 9.00-17.00 (aprile-ottobre) Adulti: 4,00 Euro Bambini: 2,00 Euro Gruppi (min. 10 persone): 3,00 Euro Scuole: 1,50 Euro Fortezza che domina la Rupe della Lorelei, fu distrutta dai francesi nel 1797. Suggestivo è il panorama che si può ammirare dalla torre dell'orologio. CASTELLO DI STOLZENFELS 56075 Coblenza-Stolzenfels tel. +49 (261) 51656 9.00-18.00 (Pasqua-Settembre) 9.00-17.00 (ottobre-marzo) chiuso lunedì e a dicembre Adulti: 2,60 Euro Gruppi (min. 20 persone): 2,10 Euro Bambini: 1,00 Euro Studenti e pensionati: 1,30 Euro Castello di Stolzenfels: ricostruito dal Re della Prussia tra 1836 e 1842 in base al progetto di Schinkel, Stüler e Persius. Tipico castello del 13° secolo. Castelli di Ludwig LOCALITA' ORARIO DI APERTURA PREZZO D'ENTRATA COMMENTI CASTELLO DI NEUSCHWANSTEIN Neuschwansteinstr. 20 87645 Hohenschwangau tel. +49 (08362)81035 +49 (08362)81801 fax +49 (08362)8990 www.schloesser.bayern.de 9.00-18.00 (aprile-settembre) 10.00-16.00 (ottobre-marzo) chiuso il 1/1 e 24, 25, 31/12 Tour guidati ogni 30 minuti adulti: 8,- Euro bambini dai 6 ai 17 anni, adulti sopra i 65, studenti e disabili: 7,- Euro Castello di re Ludovico II costruito da Eduard Riedel e George Dollmann, si rifà allo stile Romanico del 13°secolo. All'interno predominano pitture tratte dalle più significative opere di Wagner "Tannhäuser" e "Lohengrin". CASTELLO DI HOHENSCHWANGAU Alpseestrasse 24 87645 Hohenschwangau tel. +49 (8362) 81127 fax +40 (8362) 887102 www.schloesser.bayern.de Tour guidati di circa 35 min. 9.00 alle 18.00 (aprile-settembre) 10.00 alle 14.00 chiuso il 24/12 (ottobre-marzo) adulti: 8,- Euro handicappati/scuole /studenti/gruppi più di 15 persone/bambini dai 6 ai 17 anni: 7,- Euro Castello Neogotico appartenente alla famiglia Wittelsbach costruito per Massimiliano II nel 1832. Ludovico II trascorse qui la sua giovinezza. Oggetti ed estratti di lettere inviate da Wagner. Tour guidati in inglese di circa 35 min su prenotazione. CASTELLO DI LINDERHOF Linderhof 12 82488 Ettal tel. +49 (08822) 9203-0 fax +49 (08822) 9203-11 www.schloesser.bayern.de 9.00-18.00 (aprile-settembre) giovedì apertura fino alle 20.00 10.00-16.00 (ottobre-marzo) Chiuso il 1/1 e 24, 25, 31/12 6,00 Euro Studenti, pensionati e gruppi (min. 15 persone): 5,00 Euro Il palazzo di Linderhof, denominato "Villa Reale", in origine era la residenza di caccia del padre di Ludovico II, Massimiliano II. Il palazzo venne ampliato e completato con la "Stanza degli specchi"; l'arredamento è in stile "secondo Rococò". CASTELLO E PARCO DI HERRENCHIEMSEE Altes Schloss 3 83209 Herrenchiemsee tel. +49 (08051) 6887-0 fax +49 (08051) 6887-99 www.schloesser.bayern.de 9.00-18.00 (aprile-settembre) 9.40-17.00 (ottobre) 9.40-16.00 (novembre-marzo) Chiuso il 1/1 e 24, 25, 31/12 6,50 Euro 5,50 Euro Per il re Ludovico II di Bavaria, il re Luigi XIV "Re Sole" era il simbolo della monarchia assoluta. Nel Nuovo Palazzo, progettato da Georg Dollmann e Julius Hofmann, Ludovico II realizzò il suo sogno di costruire una nuova "Nuova Versailles" come simbolo dell'assolutismo e della creazione indipendente di uno stile storico. Residenz der Fürstpröpste Konigliches Schloss Berchtedgaden Schlossplatz 2 - D-83471 Berchtesgaden Telefon +49 0 8652 94 7980 Telefax +49 0 8652 9479812 Offnungszeiten: Pfingsten bis 15.Oktober: taglisch (nicht Samtag) Einlass: 10 -12 und 14 - 16 Uhr 16 Oktober bis Pfingsten: werkrags (nicht Samtag) Einlass: 11 und 14 Uhr Besichtigung: Nur mit Fuhrung (ca 50 Minuten) Gruppenfuhrungen jederzeit nach Anmeldung! Dokumentation Obersalzberg *Orts und Zeitgeschichte ( Here is in the past there was the Residenz in the Summer of Adolf Hitler - You will find all the Documents about it and you will see the Bunker) Salzbergstrasse, 41 83471 Berchtesgaden Tel: 0 8652/ 94 7960 Fax : 0 86 52/947969 Email: info@obersalzberg.de Website/Sitoweb: www.obersalzberg.de Sito Generale per il Turismo: www.berchtesgaden-land.com Geheimnisvolle - Salzwelt Salzbergwerk "Le Miniere di Sale" 1 Mai bis 31 Oktober taglich 10,00 - 11,30 Uhr und 14,00 - 16,00 Uhr 1 November bis 30 April 14,00 -16,00 Uhr und 1 Sonntag im Monat 14,00 - 16,00 Uhr nach Bedarf Tel: (0 86 51) 7002-146 Fax: (0 8651) 7002-54 www.salzbergwerk-berchtesgaden.de REGIERUNGonline |
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